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Home » [Update] Present perfect: come si forma e come si usa, con regola e esempi | present perfect – NATAVIGUIDES

[Update] Present perfect: come si forma e come si usa, con regola e esempi | present perfect – NATAVIGUIDES

present perfect: คุณกำลังดูกระทู้

Present perfect in inglese

Questo è uno degli argomenti più ricercati da chi studia inglese: Il present perfect in inglese può essere confuso, per la sua forma, con il nostro passato prossimo.

Tradurre da una lingua all’altra è sempre un modo di procedere sbagliato, ma nel caso del Present Perfect porta proprio ad una confusione sul suo significato (ne abbiamo parlato qui: il passato prossimo in inglese non esiste)

In questo articolo vediamo come si forma il Present Perfect e quando si usa.

Present perfect: come si forma

Il present perfect si forma con l’ausiliare (verbo avere) + participio passato dei verbi.

Ecco la tabella

Forma affermativa – Interrogativa e negativa

verb: TO WALK

Present perfect – Forma affermativaPresent perfect –Forma negativaPresent perfect –Forma interrogativaI have walked (I’ve)I have not walked (haven’t)Have I walked?You have walked (I’ve)You have walked (haven’t)Have you walked?He, She , it has walked (he’s)he, she, it has not walked (hasn’t)Has he(she(it walked?We have walked (we’ve)We have not walked (haven’t)Have we walked?You have walked (you’ve)You have not walked (haven’t)Have we walkedThey have walked (they’ve)They have not walked (haven’t)Have you walked?

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Recensione Verificata Google

Uso degli ausiliari nel presente perfect

Il present perfect è un verbo formato cosi:

SOGGETTO+ VERBO HAVE (ausiliare)+ PARTICIPIO PASSATO del verbo

Il present perfect usa sempre e solo HAVE come ausiliare. In questo è diverso dall’italiano, che prevede a seconda dei verbi essere o avere come ausiliare. Evitiamo quindi errori purtroppo abbastanza comuni e diciamo con molta chiarezza:

L’ausiliare è sempre e solo HAVE (non trovano mai posto nè il verbo avere nè l’ausiliare do)

Per fare la forme negativa si usa la forma negativa del verbo HAVE

I HAVE WORKED –> I HAVE NOT WORKED( MAI: I DON’T HAVE WORKED!!! MAI, è un errore comune, ma cerchiamo di evitarlo)

Per fare la forma negativa si usa la forma interrogativa del verbo HAVE, ovvero l’inversione dell’ordine delle parole

I HAVE WORKED –> HAVE YOU WORKED? (MAI: DO YOU HAVE WORKED!!! MAI è un errore comune ma cerchiamo di evitarlo)

Present perfect: quando e come si usa

Il present perfect ha questo significato: parla di una azione iniziata nel passato e ancora vera nel presente.

Questo è il motivo per cui si chiama “present” perfect, perché il focus dell’attenzione del parlante inglese è proprio il presente. E’ una azione ancora vera nel presente, oppure i cui effetti sono evidenti nel presente.

Un parklante inglese non la userebbe mai per parlare di una azione terminata o senza legami evidenti o conseguenze che vogliamo sottolineare al tempo presente.

Ovviamente, quando si ragiona sulle frasi senza contesto, ci si può sbagliare (e molti errori si fanno a scuola per questo)

Io potrei dire:

Yesterday I walked to school – Ieri sono andata a scuola a piedi – ho inserito una indicazione chiara di tempo, l’azione si riferisce al passato. Sto dando solo una informazione sulla modalità con cui ieri mi sono recata a scuola.

I have just walked to school – sono appena arrivata a scuola. Sto sottolineando che sono APPENA arrivata, che ho appena finito di camminare, che l’azione iniziata nel passato (magari mezzora fa, quando ho iniziato a camminare) si è appena appena appena conclusa, occupando tutto il lasso di tempo precedente all’immediata contemporaneaità.

I have been walking to school – e sono stanca perché la passeggiata è stata lunga. L’uso del simple present continuous vuole sottolineare gli effetti sul presente che l’azione prolungata (che è durata un lasso di tempo continuativo dal passato al presente) ha sortito.

Present perfect: esempi

Vediamo una serie di esempi di frasi al present perfect per capire le sfumature di significato.

  • I have worked for 20 years: vuole dire che ho iniziato a lavorare 20 anni fa e sto ancora lavorando.
  • I have lost some weight: vuole dire che ho perso peso, e basta vedermi adesso per vedere l’esito della mia dieta
  • I have finished my homework: vuole dire che ho fatto i compiti e sto puntando la mia attenzione sul fatto che i compiti sono finiti e tu puoi controllare se vuoi
  • I have been in London: vuole dire che nella vita sono stata a Londra e quindi posso parlarti della mia esperienza a Londra, esiste nella mia memoria nel tempo presente.

In questo video Kien racconta il present perfect, spiegando la grammatica e dando tanti esempi per capire il significato di questo tempo verbale

Differenza tra present perfect e past simple

Il primo significato del present perfect è quello di una azione al passato che ha riflesso o conseguenze o dura nel presente.

Se dico “I have lived in Milan for 40 years”, intendo dire che sto ancora vivendo a Milano. In questo verbo convivono passato e presente: si riferisce ad una azione che è iniziata nel passato ma perdura nel presente o ha effetti nel presente.

Il punto di vista del present perfect è il presente. L’azione è “aperta” verso il presente. Questa è la differenza piu’ marcata rispetto al past simple, che si usa per azioni momentanee e concluse.

I lived in Milan = Ho vissuto a Milano (non abito piu’ qui)

I have lived in Milan for 40 years= Vivo a Milano (ho iniziato a vivere a Milano 40 anni fa, e abito ancora qui)

Il verbo al present perfect è “aperto” verso il presente in due modi: o perchè l’azione è ancora vera e attiva al momento in cui parlo, o perchè gli effetti della azione passata sono evidenti nel presente 8e questo è ciò che mi interessa sottolineare).

Il verbo al past simple è una sorta di “resoconto” di una zione terminata, conclusa, e non mi interessa sottolineare (o non ci sono) conseguenze o effetti visibili al tempo presente.

Abbiamo un articolo molto specifico per parlare proprio delle differenza tra present perfect e simple past: leggilo, vedrai che lo trovi istruttivo e divertente

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Differenza tra Present perfect e Present simple

Il present simple viene usato per indicare azioni ripetute ed abituali nel presente o per descrivere.

Il present perfect in un certo senso è un presente perché indica azioni iniziate nel passato, che stanno proseguendo nel presente.

Vediamo queste due frasi a confronto

I work at Open Minds school: vuole dire che io ogni giorno lavoro alla scuola Open Minds. Sto parlando del mio lavoro, delle mie abitudini quotidiane. Tu capisci che io sono un lavoratore di open Minds, che ogni mattina mi alzo e vado a lavorare.

I have worked at Open Minds school since June: lavoro alla scuola Open Minds da Giugno : sottolinea che ho iniziato a giugno a lavorare a scuola e sto ancora lavorando a scuola nel tempo presente. Tu capisci che la cosa importante nella frase è che io a partire da giugno sono entrata in questa azienda. Puoi arguire che ho una esperienza abbastanza breve qui, mi puoi chieder come mi trovo con i colleghi, se mi piace il nuovo lavoro etc.

Differenza tra il Present perfect e present continuous

Il present perfect, parlando di una azione che ha una durata, potrebbe essere confusa con il present continuous.

Ma c’è una differenza fondamentale: il punto del present continuous è descrivere una azione che sta succedendo adesso, mentre il present perfect serve per spiegare che una azione, iniziata un po’ di tempo fa, sta ancora avendo effetti sul mio presente.

I am writing: vuole dire che in questo momento, mentre voi mi guardate, sto scrivendo.

I have written a letter: vuole dire che ho iniziato a scrivere nel passato e ora la lettera è pronta. la lettera pronta è il mio presente, ma non è l’azione che sto compiendo adesso.

E’ chiara la differenza? Cercate sempre di capire quale è il significato dell’azione, non andate a memoria e non cercate di indovinare il verbo da usare sulla base di alcune parole nella frase. E’ vero che certi avvero di tempo si trovano sempre nelle frasi con il present perfect, ma non è quello il punto: il punto è CAPIRE.

Differenza tra il present perfect e il present perfect continuous

Qui la differenza è più sottile: sia il present perfect che il present perfect continuous descrivono una azione iniziata nel passato e prolungata. parlano di “tempo aperto” verso il presente: se li uso sto descrivendo azioni  che non considero concluse.

ma quale è la differenza tra presente perfect e present perfect continuous?

la differenza è l’enfasi sulla durata.

Vediamo un esempio contrastivo, in modo da capire meglio le sfumature di significato:

  • I have worked on this article for 2 days, but I haven’t finished it yet: sono due giorni che lavoro a questo articolo, ma ancora non lo ho finito
  • I have been working on this article for 2 days!!!! I am so tired; sono due giorni che lavoro a questo articolo! Sono esausta!

Sentite la differenza? Nella prima frase si enfatizza il fatto che ho una azione inziiata nel passato e non conclusa al tempo presente.

Nella seconda frase, la situazione è la medesima, ma ciò che voglio portare alla tua attenzione è il processo, la sua lunghezza e i suoi effetti su di me (sono stanca!)

Vediamo qualche altro esempio:

I have worked at Open Minds School since 2004.

I have been working at Open Minds school since 2004.

Ohibò, sembrano proprio uguali. E in un certo senso lo sono: tradurrei entrambe le frasi come “Lavoro ad open Minds dal 2004”. ma la seconda sottolinea la durata. Potrei tradurlo anche come “E’ dal 2004 che lavoro ad Open Minds!”

C’è un caso in cui la differenza semantica è piu’ marcata.

Vediamo queste frasi

“Have you been in London?

Yes, I have! I visited London in 2012″

Traduzione

“Sei mai stata a Londra?” (uso il present perfect perchè parlo della tua esperienza in generale, non ti ho chiesto se sei stata lo scorso anno o 10 anni fa)

“Si, ci sono stata. Ho visitato Londra nel 2012” (come si vede, quando parlo della mia esperienza in generale “ci sono stata” ho usato la question tag che riprende il present perfect. Ma quando ho specificato l’anno in cui ho visitato Londra ho usato il past simple)

vs.

“What did you during  summer break?”

“I have been visiting my friends in London”

Traduzione

“Cosa hai fatto questa estate?” (specifica quando , quindi usa il simple past)

“Sono andata a trovare i miei amici a Londra” 8questo appare strano perchè l’azione è terminata. In effetti si può usare il present perfect continuous per descrivere una azione prolungata nel tempo passato 8summer break), che si è appena conclusa. Non avrei potuto usare il present perfect, questo è specifico del present perfect continuous.

Consigli per usare bene il present perfect

La maniera migliore per capire come vengono usati i verbi è ascoltare e farsi una mappa mentale: sentite tanti video in inglese, ascoltate la radio e i podcast, leggete libri. Piano piano diventerà automatico capire dove si usa il present perfect e vedrete che non si tratta tanto di una “regola” quanto di una sensibilità alla qualità dell’azione.

E’ un concetto che in italiano è più’ sfumato: noi siamo abituati a percepire il tempo verbale come espressione di presente vs passato, mentre in inglese esiste una distinzione anche sulla base della durata e finitezza dell’azione. Per questo, se procediamo solo per traduzione dall’italiano, facciamo errori.

Puoi scaricare qui la nostra infografica dei tempi verbali

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[Update] Present Perfect Tense | present perfect – NATAVIGUIDES

What Is the Present Perfect Tense? (with Examples)

The present perfect tense describes an action that began in the past (despite being a present tense). For example:

  • John

    has taken

    Sarah’s advice.

  • They

    have fixed

    the fence.

Often, the action being described is still continuing into the present (e.g., John continues to take Sarah’s advice). This is how the present perfect tense differs from the

A Video Summary

Here is a short video summarizing the present perfect tense:

Thedescribes an action that began in the past (despite being a present tense). For example:Often, the action being described is still continuing into the present (e.g., John continues to take Sarah’s advice). This is how the present perfect tense differs from the simple past tense Here is a short video summarizing the present perfect tense:

Infographic for the Present Perfect Tense

Here is an infographic explaining the present perfect tense:

More Examples of the Present Perfect Tense

Here are some more examples of the present perfect tense:

  • The board

    has decided

    to uphold the appeal.

  • (This sentence carries the connotation that the board continues to uphold the appeal.)

  • I

    have taken

    the wrong path.

  • (Connotation: I am still on the wrong path.)

Comparing the Present Perfect Tense and the Simple Past Tense

Here is another example of the present perfect tense (highlighted). For comparison, the example is given alongside similar-looking example featuring the simple past tense.

  • Janet

    has run

    two miles.

  • (This is the present perfect tense. In this example, Janet is still running when the words were said.)

  • Janet ran two miles.
  • (This is the simple past tense. In this example, Janet has stopped running when the words were said.)

Here is another example:

  • David

    has worked

    alongside two of the world’s finest scientists in the field of entomology.

  • (This is the present perfect tense. In this example, David might have finished working with those scientists, but the sentence carries the connotation that he is still working as an entomologist.)

  • David worked alongside two of the world’s finest scientists in the field of entomology.
  • (This is the simple past tense. This example carries the connotation that David no longer works as an entomologist.)

Forming the Present Perfect Tense

The present perfect tense is formed:

Here is an infographic explaining the present perfect tense:Here are some more examples of the present perfect tense:Here is another example of the present perfect tense (highlighted). For comparison, the example is given alongside similar-looking example featuring the simple past tense.Here is another example:Theis formed:

[subject]

+

“has” or “have”

+

[past participle]

  • I have worked.
  • She has painted.

Forming the Past Participle (Regular Verbs)

If it’s a past participle is the same as the

Add “ed” to most verbs:

  • jump > jumped
  • paint > painted

If a verb of one syllable ends [consonant-vowel-consonant], double the final consonant and add “ed”:

  • chat > chatted
  • stop > stopped

If the final consonant is “w,” “x,” or “y,” don’t double it:

  • sew > sewed
  • play > played
  • fix > fixed

If last syllable of a longer verb is stressed and ends [consonant-vowel-consonant], double the last consonant and add “ed”:

  • incur > incurred
  • prefer > preferred

If the first syllable of a longer verb is stressed and the verb ends [consonant-vowel-consonant], just add “ed”:

  • open > opened
  • enter > entered
  • swallow > swallowed

If the verb ends “e,” just add “d”:

  • thrive > thrived
  • guzzle > guzzled

If the verb ends [consonant + “y”], change the “y” to an “i” and add “ed”:

  • cry > cried
  • fry > fried

Forming the Past Participle (Irregular Verbs)

If it’s an past participle is formed in all sorts of different ways. Here are some examples:

  • arise > arisen
  • catch > caught
  • choose > chosen
  • know > known

You just have to learn them.

Read more about irregular verbs (includes a list of the most common irregular verbs).

The Negative Version

If you need the negative version, you can use the following construction:

If it’s a regular verb , theis the same as the simple past tense . In other words, it is formed like this:Add “ed” to most verbs:If a verb of one syllable ends [consonant-vowel-consonant], double the final consonant and add “ed”:If the final consonant is “w,” “x,” or “y,” don’t double it:If last syllable of a longer verb is stressed and ends [consonant-vowel-consonant], double the last consonant and add “ed”:If the first syllable of a longer verb is stressed and the verb ends [consonant-vowel-consonant], just add “ed”:If the verb ends “e,” just add “d”:If the verb ends [consonant + “y”], change the “y” to an “i” and add “ed”:If it’s an irregular verb , theis formed in all sorts of different ways. Here are some examples:You just have to learn them.If you need the negative version, you can use the following construction:

[subject]

+

“has not” or “have not”

+

[past participle]

  • The board

    has not decided

    to uphold the appeal.

  • I

    have not taken

    the wrong path.

Remember that “has not” is sometimes written as the

The Question Version

If you need to ask a question, you can use the following word order for a yes/no question:

Remember that “has not” is sometimes written as the contraction “hasn’t.”If you need to ask a question, you can use the following word order for a yes/no question:

“has” or “have”

+

[subject]

+

[past participle]

  • Has the board decided

    to uphold the appeal?

  • Have I taken

    the wrong path?

You can use the following word order for a

You can use the following word order for a question-word question

[question word]

+

“has” or “have”

+

[subject]

+

[past participle]

  • Why has the board decided

    to uphold the appeal?

  • How have I taken

    the wrong path?

Verb Tense Widget

Use this widget to learn about the different tenses. How do you use this widget? Well, if there’s a button, a drop-down menu, or a , then you can click it!

to

base form

(

verb)

verb)

Select the tenses.

Present Tenses

Simple Present Tense
The simple present tense is mostly used to describe facts and habits. More…(opens new tab)
I base form
you base form
he/she/it 3rd pers sing present
we base form
you base form
they base form

Present Progressive Tense
The present progressive tense is used for an ongoing action in the present.
More…(opens new tab)
I am present participle
you are present participle
he/she/it is present participle
we are present participle
you are present participle
they are present participle

Present Perfect Tense
The present perfect tense is used for actions that began in the past. (Often, the actions continue into the present.)
More…(opens new tab)
I have past participle
you have past participle
he/she/it has past participle
we have past participle
you have past participle
they have past participle

Present Perfect Progressive Tense
The present perfect progressive tense is used for a continuous activity that began in the past and continues into the present, or a continuous activity that began in past but has now finished (usually very recently).
More…(opens new tab)
I have been present participle
you have been present participle
he/she/it has been present participle
we have been present participle
you have been present participle
they have been present participle

Past Tenses

Simple Past
The simple past tense is used to describe a completed activity that happened in the past.
More…(opens new tab)
I past tense
you past tense
he/she/it past tense
we past tense
you past tense
they past tense

Past Progressive Tense
The past progressive tense is used to describe an ongoing activity in the past. Often, it is used to set the scene for another action.
More…(opens new tab)
I was present participle
you were present participle
he/she/it was present participle
we were present participle
you were present participle
they were present participle

Past Perfect Tense
The past perfect tense is used to emphasize that an action was completed before another took place.
More…(opens new tab)
I had past participle
you had past participle
he/she/it had past participle
we had past participle
you had past participle
they had past participle

Past Perfect Progressive Tense
The past perfect progressive tense is used to show that an ongoing action in the past has ended.
More…(opens new tab)
I had been present participle
you had been present participle
he/she/it had been present participle
we had been present participle
you had been present participle
they had been present participle

Future Tenses

Simple Future
The simple future tense is used for an action that will occur in the future.
More…(opens new tab)
I will base form
you will base form
he/she/it will base form
we will base form
you will base form
they will base form

Future Progressive Tense
The future progressive tense is used for an ongoing action that will occur in the future.
More…(opens new tab)
I will be present participle
you will be present participle
he/she/it will be present participle
we will be present participle
you will be present participle
they will be present participle

Future Perfect Tense
The future perfect tense is used to describe an action that will have been completed at some point in the future.
More…(opens new tab)
I will have past participle
you will have past participle
he/she/it will have past participle
we will have past participle
you will have past participle
they will have past participle

Future Perfect Progressive Tense
The future perfect progressive tense is used for an ongoing action that will be completed at some specified time in the future.
More…(opens new tab)
I will have been present participle
you will have been present participle
he/she/it will have been present participle
we will have been present participle
you will have been present participle
they will have been present participle

The Other Present Tenses

The present perfect tense is one of four present

Slider Showing All the Tenses

The following slider shows all 12

Use this widget to learn about the different tenses. How do you use this widget? Well, if there’s a button, a drop-down menu, or a, then you can click it!Theis one of four present tenses . This table shows all four of the present tenses:The following slider shows all 12 tenses . The present perfect tense is highlighted with a yellow background.


Present Perfect


In this video, students learn two common uses of the present perfect tense. They also learn the difference between regular and irregular past participles. For more videos and lessons, visit us at https://esllibrary.com.
Link to lesson: https://esllibrary.com/courses/88/lessons/1597
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นอกจากการดูบทความนี้แล้ว คุณยังสามารถดูข้อมูลที่เป็นประโยชน์อื่นๆ อีกมากมายที่เราให้ไว้ที่นี่: ดูเพิ่มเติม

Present Perfect

Learn English Tenses: PRESENT PERFECT


It’s time to learn the PRESENT PERFECT. What does it mean to say “I have worked” or “I have understood”? Many students are confused by the PRESENT PERFECT TENSE, because it combines the past and the present. Yet this advanced verb tense can lead to success in a job interview or on your IELTS! In this complete English class, I’ll show you how to use this tense, when to use it, and what mistakes to avoid. You will move forward stepbystep, to master this tense by learning structure, usage, pronunciation, spelling, contractions, questions, short answers, past participles, regular verbs, and irregular verbs. Then, continue your progress through my complete English Tenses series by watching the next lesson, which compares the present perfect and past simple tenses: https://youtu.be/UmdGwttUfKU
Introduction to Present Perfect 0:00
When to use the Present Perfect tense 5:19
Present Perfect: Common Expressions 9:42
When not to use the Present Perfect tense 15:19
How to use the Present Perfect tense: Regular Verbs 20:33
How to use the Present Perfect tense: Irregular Verbs 26:51
Present Perfect: Contractions 32:02
Present Perfect: Short Answers 37:27
Present Perfect: Practice 40:26
Present Perfect: Common Errors 46:12
Present Perfect: Conclusion 54:53
After the lesson, take the quiz: https://www.engvid.com/presentperfecttense/

Learn English Tenses: PRESENT PERFECT

Present perfect with just, yet and already.


Uploaded for educational purposes.

Present perfect with just, yet and already.

The Present Perfect Tense in English | Structuring Sentences


The present perfect is formed, in the affirmative, as follows
Subject + have + past participle + object.
I + have + climbed + the mountain!
Example: have climbed the mountain!
The past participle is, often, the same as the past simple form of the verb (although not always so be sure to learn them!), except it has a different function here. The auxiliary verb is the one linked to the subject; the past participle simply denotes the action while the I have…, You have…, etc. denotes who had the experience.
Conjugating the Present Perfect (affirmative)
I have climbed the mountain
You have climbed the mountain
He/She has climbed the mountain
We have climbed the mountain
They have climbed the mountain
As is quite common in English, all these conjugations are the same except for one: the third person. One must be careful to remember this exception. Apart from this, the present perfect is quite simple; now you can go forth fully equipped to brag about your experiences in any conversation!
Forming the Present Perfect (negative)
The present perfect (negative) is formed as follows:
Subject + have + not + past participle + object.
We + have + not + eaten + Thai food.
We have not eaten Thai food.
Conjugating the Present Perfect (affirmative)
I have not eaten Thai food
You have not eaten Thai food
He/She has not eaten Thai food
We have not eaten Thai food
They have not eaten Thai food
It is important to keep in mind the order of the various parts of these phrases. Remember always that the negation (not) goes between the auxiliary verb and the past participle.
We can also employ a contraction here which will make conversation easier. In this case there are two contractions to be learned
have not ⇒ haven’t
has not ⇒ hasn’t
With our newly learned contractions, the conjugations become
I haven’t eaten Thai food
You haven’t eaten Thai food
He/She hasn’t eaten Thai food
We haven’t eaten Thai food
They haven’t eaten Thai food
Forming the Present Perfect (interrogative)
The present perfect (interrogative) is formed as follows
Have + subject + past participle + object?
Have + you + visited + South Carolina?
Have you visited South Carolina?
Conjugating the Present Perfect
Have I visited South Carolina ?
Have you visited South Carolina ?
Has he/she visited South Carolina ?
Have we visited South Carolina ?
Have they visited South Carolina ?
Again, we can add negation in order to affect emphasis. For example
Robert: Do you know much about Elvis Presley?
John: Haven’t I visited Memphis?
John answers Robert’s question with another question, which he believes should suffice as an answer. In this case, John means that he indeed knows much about Elvis Presley and has even visited his home in Memphis.
With the negation (and contraction), our interrogative conjugations become:
Haven’t I visited Memphis?
Haven’t you visited Memphis?
Hasn’t he/she visited Memphis?
Haven’t we visited Memphis?
Haven’t they visited Memphis?

The Present Perfect Tense in English | Structuring Sentences

8- شرح زمن المضارع التام في اللغه الانجليزيه Present Perfect


شرح زمن المضارع التام في اللغه الانجليزيه Present Perfect .عندنا في اللغه العربيه الموضوع بسيط جدا فيما يتعلق بالازمنه هم 3 ازمنه اما ماضي او مضارع او مستقبل
لكن في اللغه الانجليزيه الموضوع مختلف بعض الشئ كل زمن له 4 صور
واصعبهم بالنسبه للكثير هي الصور التامه
ولكن الموضوع اسهل مما تتخيل 🙂
كما يمكنك مشاهدة الدروس السابقه من هنا :
شرح زمن الماضي البسيط Past Simple
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rlbFDiuwlF0
شرح زمن المضارع البسيط Present Simple
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5TjpEcrNbCc
شرح زمن المستقبل البسيط Future Simple
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TDhm2xLyg8
شرح زمن الماضي المستمر Past Continuous
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZqQG54ydsY
شرح زمن المضارع المستمر Present Continuous
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBzkMfEXj1s
شرح زمن المستقبل المستمر Future Continuous
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2Vkhcvq9uw
شرح زمن الماضي التام في اللغه الانجليزيه Past Perfect
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8QehpHhgN04

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8- شرح زمن المضارع التام في اللغه الانجليزيه Present Perfect

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