[Update] Bài tập về Danh từ đếm được và Danh từ không đếm được có đáp án | uncountable noun – NATAVIGUIDES

Phân biệt được giữa danh từ đếm được và không đếm được trong ngữ pháp tiếng Anh là điều rất quan trọng bởi vì nó ảnh hưởng tới việc lựa chọn những chỉ định từ và động từ trong câu. Dưới đây, VnDoc.com giới thiệu đến bạn học lý thuyết và bài tập về Danh từ đếm được và danh từ không đếm được trong Tiếng Anh có đáp án để các bạn học tốt hơn.

Mời bạn đọc tham gia nhóm Facebook: Tiếng Anh THCS cùng VnDoc.com tham khảo thêm nhiều tài liệu ôn tập cuối kì các lớp 6 – 9, luyện thi HSG, thi vào lớp 10 môn tiếng Anh hiệu quả.

1. Danh từ đếm được – Countable nouns

– Là những danh từ có thể đếm được. Ví dụ: girl, picture, cat, chair, tree, apple

– Trước danh từ số ít chúng ta có thể dùng “a/an”

Ví dụ: That’s a good idea.

Do you need an umbrella?

Chú ý: chúng ta không thể dùng danh từ số ít một mình.

2. Danh từ không đếm được – Uncountable nouns

– Ví dụ: music, rice, money, bread, gold, blood………

– Trước những danh từ không đếm được, chúng ta có thể dùng some, the, much, không thể dùng “a/an”.

Ví dụ: some gold, the music, much excitement….

Một số danh từ không đếm được trong tiếng Anh:

accommodation

advice

furniture

luggage

bread

permission

traffic

trouble

weather

travel

work

information

news

progress

beauty

coffee

courage

oil

water

soap

wood

wine

knowledge

glass

Chú ý: news có “s” nhưng không phải là danh từ số nhiều.

• Nhiều danh từ có thể dùng được như danh từ đếm được hoặc không đếm được. Thường thì về ý nghĩa chúng có sự khác nhau.
Ví dụ:

Paper

·I bought a paper (= tờ báo, đếm được)

·I bought some papers (= giấy viết, không đếm được)

Hair

·There’s a hair in my soup. (= một sợi tóc, đếm được)

·She has beautiful hair (= mái tóc, không đếm được)

Experience

·We had many interesting experiences during our holiday. (= hoạt động, đếm được)

·You need experience for this job (= kinh nghiệm, không đếm được)

Work

·He is looking for work(=công việc, không đếm được)

·Jack London wrote many works(=tác phẩm, đếm được)

• Một số ngoại lệ: một số danh từ không đếm được vẫn có thể đi với “a/an” trong một số trường hợp như sau:

A help:

·A good map would be a help.

A knowledge of:

·He had a good knowledge of mathematics.

A fear/ a relief:

·There is a fear that he has been murdered.

·It was a relief to sit down.

A pity/shame/wonder:

·It’s a pity you weren’t here.

·It’s a shame he wasn’t paid.

3. Bài tập danh từ đếm được và không đếm được có đáp án

Bài tập 1: Chọn đáp án đúng:

1. If you want to hear the news, you can read paper/ a paper.

2. I want to write some letters but I haven’t got a paper/ any paper to write on.

3. I thought there was somebody in the house because there was light/a light on inside.

4. Light/a light comes from the sun.

5. I was in a hurry this morning. I didn’t have time/ a time for breakfast.

6. “did you enjoy your holiday?” – “yes, we had wonderful time/ a wonderful time.”

7. Sue was very helpful. She gives us some very useful advice/advices.

8. We had very bad weather/a very bad weather while we were on holiday.

9. We were very unfortunate. We had bad luck/a bad luck.

10. It’s very difficult to find a work/job at the moment.

11. I had to buy a/some bread because I wanted to make some sandwiches.

12. Bad news don’t/doesn’t make people happy.

13. Your hair is/ your hairs are too long. You should have it/them cut.

14. Nobody was hurt in the accident but the damage /the damages to the car was/were quite bad.

Bài tập 2: Hoàn thành câu sử dụng những từ cho dưới đây. Sử dụng a/an khi cần thiết.

accident, biscuit, blood, coat, decision, electricity, key, letter, moment, music, question, sugar

1. It wasn’t your fault. It was………..

2. Listen!can you hear………..?

3. I couldn’t get into the house because I didn’t have ………..

4. It’s very warm today. Why are you wearing………..?

5. Do you take ……………..in your coffee?

6. Are you hungry? Would you like ………..with your coffee?

7. Our lives would be very difficult without…………….

8. I didn’t phone them. I wrote………….instead.

9. The heart pumps …………………through the body.

10. Excuse me, but can I ask you………….?

11. I’m not ready yet. Can you wait………….., please?

12. We can’t delay much longer. We have to make ……………..soon.

Bài tập 3: Viết sang số nhiều những từ trong ngoặc đơn

1. Study the next three (chapter).

2. Can you recommend some good (book)?

3. I had two (tooth) pulled out the other day.

4. You can always hear (echo) in this mountain.

5. They are proud of their (son-in-law).

6. Did you raise these (tomato) in your garden?

7. I think we need two (radio).

8. My (foot) really hurt.

9. The (roof) of these houses are tiled.

10. Get me two (loaf) of bread.

Bài tập 4: Chữa những lỗi sai (nếu có) trong các câu sau đây.

1. There are many dirts on the floor.

2. We want more fuels than that.

3. He drank two milks.

4. Ten inks are needed for our class.

5. He sent me many foods.

6. Many golds are found there.

7. He gave me a great deal of troubles.

8. cows eat glasses.

9. The rain has left many waters.

10. I didn’t have many luggages.

Bài tập 5. These following nouns are uncountable or countable?

tea →

butter →

song →

living room →

hour →

coffee →

child →

homework →

key →

orange →

Bài 5: Đọc đoạn hội thoại và chọn đáp án đúng

Lucy: How about making a/ an apple pie?

Alan: Great idea! Have we got some/ any apples?

Lucy: Yes, there are some/ any in the bowl. How much/ many do we need?

Alan: A lot, about a kilo/ litre.

Lucy: We haven’t got enough. We can buy some/ any in the corner shop.

Alan: And we need some/ any flour, too. Look at the recipe. How much/ many flour do we need?

Lucy: About half a pound. And we need three knives/ spoons of sour cream so let’s buy a small tub/ bag, too.

Alan: And how much/ many eggs do we need?

Sue: Four. And we also need some/ any butter and some/ any sugar. Oh, we haven’t got some/ any butter.

Andy: We can buy a bar/ tin of butter in the shop, too.

Đáp án bài tập về danh từ đếm được và danh từ không đếm được

Bài tập 1: Chọn đáp án đúng:

1. a paper

2. any paper

3. a light

4. light

5. time

6. a wonderful time

7. advice

8. very bad weather

9. bad luck

10. a job

11. some

12. doesn’t

13. your hair, is

14. the damage, was

Bài tập 2: Hoàn thành câu sử dụng những từ cho dưới đây. Sử dụng a/an khi cần thiết.

1. an accident

2. music

3. a key

4. a coat

5. sugar

6. a biscuit

7. electricity

8. a letter

9. blood

10. a question

11. a moment

12. a decision

Bài tập 3: Viết sang số nhiều những từ trong ngoặc đơn

1. chapters

2. books

3. teeth

4. echoes

5. sons-in-law

6. tomatoes

7. radios

8. feet

9. roofs

10. loaves

Bài tập 4: Chữa những lỗi sai (nếu có) trong các câu sau đây.

1. There is much dirt on the floor.

2. We want more fuel than that.

3. He drank two glasses of milk.

4. Ten pens are needed for our class.

5. He sent me much food.

6. Much gold is found there.

7. He gave me a lot of trouble.

8. Cows eat glass.

9. The rain has left much water.

10. I didn’t have much luggage.

Bài tập 5. These following nouns are uncountable or countable?

tea → uncountable noun

butter → uncountable noun

song → countable noun

living room → countable noun

hour → countable noun

coffee → uncountable noun

child → countable noun

homework → uncountable noun

key → countable noun

orange → countable noun

Bài 5: Đọc đoạn hội thoại và chọn đáp án đúng

Lucy: How about making an apple pie?

Alan: Great idea! Have we got any apples?

Lucy: Yes, there are some in the bowl. How many do we need?

Alan: A lot, about a kilo.

Lucy: We haven’t got enough. We can buy some in the corner shop.

Alan: And we need some flour, too. Look at the recipe. How much flour do we need?

Lucy: About half a pound. And we need three spoons of sour cream so let’s buy a small tub, too.

Alan: And how many eggs do we need?

Sue: Four. And we also need some butter and some sugar. Oh, we haven’t got any butter.

Andy: We can buy a bar of butter in the shop, too.

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Dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris, saya jumpai banyak yang mengalami kesulitan memahami contoh countable dan uncountable noun. Dalam hal ini, hal dasar yang perlu diketahui terelebih dahulu adalah pengertian keduanya, penggunaan, serta perbedaan masing-masing.

Tidak hanya itu, agar lebih mudah difahami, saya coba urai secara detail. Dengan harapan, Anda dapat menguasainya dengan baik dan mudah.

Countable Noun

Tahukah anda apa arti countable noun? Jawabannya sangatlah mudah.

Secara harfiah, “countable” artinya dapat di hitung, sedangkan “noun” artinya kata benda. sehingga dapat kita simpulkan dengan mudah, countable noun adalah kata benda yang dapat di hitung.

Perhatikan contoh berikut:

• a book (sebuah buku)
• 3 books (tiga buku)
• many books (banyak buku)

Untuk memahami apa dan bagaimana noun, baca artikel sebelumnya tentang contoh noun bahasa Inggris.

Pola Countable Noun

Countable noun memiliki dua bentuk, yaiut singular (tunggal), dan plural (jamak)

Bentuk singular dari countable noun menunjukkan pada seseorang atau sesuatu yang jumlahnya satu / tunggal .

• a book; a teacher; a wish; an idea

Sedangkan bentuk plural dari countable noun menunjukkan orang atau sesuatu yang jumlahnya dua atau lebih.

• books; teachers; wishes; ideas

Countable Noun Tunggal

Bentuk singular ini selalu didahului dengan determiner, artinya ia tidak bisa hanya terdiri dari satu kata / tidak berdiri sendiri, seperti:

• the book
• that English teacher
• a wish
• my latest idea

Kata them, that, a dan my disebut determiner.

Countable Noun Jamak

Biasanya cukup menambahkan s pada kata yang jamak. Seperti pada contoh berikut:

• book > books
• school > schools
• friend > friends

Perlu diketahui, kita perlu menambahkan -es untuk noun yang berakhiran –ss; -ch; -s; -sh; -x

• class > classes
• watch > watches
• gas > gases
• wish > wishes
• box > boxes

Dan ketika noun berakhiran satu huruf consonant dan –y, maka akhir katanya menjadi -ies…

• lady > ladies
• country > countries
• party > parties

Akan tetapi, jika noun tersebut diakhiri dengan sebuah vowel and –y, maka cukup dengan menambahkan -s:

• boy > boys
• day > days
• play > plays

Irregular Countable Noun

Beberapa noun tidak mengikuti aturan di atas, seperti yang terjadi pada noun yang irregular. Kata-kata ini perlu dihafal.

• Man > men
• woman > women
• child > children
• foot > feet
• person > people
• mouse > mice

Uncountable Noun

Di tinjau dari makna kata dasar, arti uncountable noun mudah kita terka. Uncountable yaitu tidak dapat dihitung, sedangkan noun yaitu kata benda.

Jadi, uncountable noun adalah kata benda yang tidak dapat dihitung.

Itu saja…

Pola Uncountable Noun

Perlu diingat, Uncountable noun tidak memiliki bentuk plural. Semuanya pasti singular / berpola tunggal.

Lihat tabel berikut:

water (benar)waters (kurang tepat)oil (benar)oils (kurang tepat)sand (benar)3 sands (kurang tepat)

Di samping itu, uncountable noun tidak didahului oleh article a / an.

• a water (kurang tepat)
• an oil (kurang tepat)
• a sand (kurang tepat)

Ciri-ciri uncountable noun

Agar anda dapat mengenali uncountable noun dengan mudah, fahami ciri-ciri berikut:

• perasaan (anger; cruelty; happiness; honesty; pride)
• Aktifitas (help; sleep; travel; work)
• Ide secara abstrak (beauty; death; fun; life)
• Cairan (milk, water, oil)
• Bubuk dan biji-bijian (rice, wheat, sand, powder, sand, dust)
• Kata benda masif (furniture, hair, transportation)
• Fenomena alam (sunshine, snow, rain, weather)
• Realitas (sleep, stress, childhood)
• Gas (oxygen, air, fart, wind)

Uncountable noun yang berakhiran -s

Beberapa kata benda yang uncountable terlihat seperti jamak dengan berakhiran s, namun sebenarnya noun ini adalah singular. Seperti pada daftar uncountable di bawah ini:

Mata pelajaranmathematics, physics, economics, etc.Aktifitasgymnastics, athletics, etc.Permainancards, darts, billiards, etc.Penyakitmumps, measles, rabies, etc.

Contoh kalimat:

• Economics is my favorite subject. (Ilmu ekonomi adalah materi pelajaran pavorit saya.)
• Billiards is easier than Badminton. (Bilyar itu lebih mudah dari pada Bulu Tangkis)

Perbedaan

Sebenarnya memahami perbedaan keduanya terbilang mudah sekali. Jika kata benda dapat dijumlahkan, bisa dipastikan bahwa ia adalah countable.

• I can drink

  two glasses

  , how about you? (Aku bisa minum dua gelas, bagaimana dengan anda?)

Sedangkan jika menunjukkan keseluruhan substansi, maka dipastikan ia adalah uncountable.

• I drink

  water.

  (aku minum air.)

Air yang dimaksud di sini adalah zatnya, bukan jumlah / jenisnya.

Sebagai perbandingan tambahan, perhatikan ilustrasi berikut:

• I eat mango (saya makan mangga). Yang dimaksud di sini adalah dagingnya. Karena itu, manggo di sini tergolong uncountable.
• I ate 2 mangoes (aku makan 2 mangga). Yang dimaksud di sini adalah jenisnya. So,,, ia tergolong countable.

Dalam tata bahasa, ada sedikit perbedaan pada keduanya. Cobalah Anda amati perbandingan tabel berikut:

Countable nounUncountable nounHow many…?How much…?These..This …Many…Much..

Contoh kalimat:

• Countable: I need many books to read. (Aku perlu banyak buku untuk dibaca)
• Uncountable: I need much water to drink. (aku perlu banyak air untuk minum)
• Countable: How many books do you have? (Berapa banyak buku yang kamu punya?)
• Uncountable: How much water do you have? (Berapa banyak air yang kamu punya?)
• Countable: These are my books (Ini adalah buku-buku ku)
• Uncountable: This is my water. (Ini adalah air ku)

Menghitung Uncountable Noun

Pada dasarnya, kata-kata yang ditebalkan di bawah adalah uncountable:

• Would you like to give me coffee?
• He ate cake.

Namun, semuanya dapat dihitung dengan menggunakan istilah tertentu. Dan Istilah yang sering dipakai diantaranya adalah: a kind of, a piece of, a glass of, a gallon of, a cup of.

• Would you like to drink a glass of water? (Apakah anda ingin minum segelas air?)
• Would you like to give me a glass of coffee?
• He ate 2 pieces of cake.
• Give a piece of cake (Beri saya sepotong kue!)
• She had six separate items of stuff (Dia memilliki 6 jumlah barang yang terpisah.)

Countable dan Uncountable Secara Bersamaan

Beberapa kata benda dapat menjadi countable dan uncountable secara bersamaan, tergantung pada konteks kalimatnya. Seperti pada kata hope dan travel di bawah ini:

• We should always have hope. (harapan)
• George had hopes of promotion. (beberapa harapan)
• Travel is a great teacher. (perjalanan)
• Where did you go on your travels? (beberapa perjalanan)

Contoh Countable dan Uncountable Noun

Untuk mengetahui kosakata apa saja yang masuk dalam dua kategori ini, pastikan anda simak tabel contoh countable dan uncountable berikut:

Countable NounsUncountable Nounsaccount : akunAdvice: nasehatactor  : akunAssistance : bantuananswer : jawabanAttention : perhatianapartment : apartemenAir : udaraarticle : artikelAccess : aksesartist : artisAdulthood : kedewasaanbaby : bayiAlcohol : alkoholbag : tasAgriculture : pertanianball : bolaAtmosphere : atmosfirbank : bankAnger : kemarahanbed  : tempat tidurBeauty : kecantikanbell  : loncengBeef : daging sapibill : tagihanBravery : keberanianbird  : burungBusiness : bisnisboat : perahuBlood ; darahbook : bukuButter : mentegabottle : botolBeer : birbox  : kotakBread : rotiboy  : anak laki-lakiBehaviour : perilakubridge : jembatanChaos : kekacauanbrother  : saudaraConfidence : kepercayaan diricamp : kemahCorruption : korupsicar : mobilCourage : keberaniancard : kartuComprehension : pemahamancase : kasusCheese : kejucat : kucingCarbon : karbonchair : kursiChalk : kapurchapter : babCoal : batubarachild : anak-anakChocolate : coklatcigarette : rokokContent : kontencity : kotaCotton : kapasclass : kelasChildhood : masa anak-anakclub : klubCoffee : kopicomputer : komputerDanger : kemarahancorner : sudutDancing : tariancountry : negaraDemocracy : demokrasicup : cangkirDamage : kerusakandaughter : anak perempuanDarkness: kegelapanday : hariDepression : depresidoctor : dokterDignity : nasibdog ; anjingDust : debudoor  : pintuEducation : pendidikandream : impianEquipment : peralengkapandriver : pengemudiEarth : bumiear : telingaEnergy : energiedge : sisiElectricity : listrikeffect : efekEnthusiasm : entusiasmeegg : telurEnvironment: lingkunganelection : pemilihanEvil : kejahatanengine : mesinEntertainment: hiburaneye : mataEvolution: evolusiface : mukaFailure : kegagalanfactory : pabrikFire  : apifather : ayahForgiveness : ampunanfield ; lapanganFaith : keyakinanfilm : filmFun : kesenanganfinger : jariFreedom : kebebasanfoot : kakiFood : makananfriend : sahabatFinance : keuangangame : permainanFriendship : persahabatangarden : kebunGarbage : sampahgate : gerbangGrowth : pertumbuhangirl : perempuanGossip ; kabar burunggroup : grupGold : emasgun : pistolGrass : rumputhand : tanganHair  : rambuthandle : gagang pintuHappiness : kebahagiaanhat : topiHealth : kesehatanhead : kepalaHate ; kebencianhill : bukitHope : harapanhorse : kudaHeat : panashospital : rumah sakitHunger : rasa laparhotel : hotelHoney : maduhour : jamHumour ; humorhouse : rumahHonesty : kejujuranjob : pekerjaanIce : eskey : kunciImagination : imajinasiking : rajaInformation : informasikitchen : dapurIron : besilake : danauJealousy : kecemburuanlibrary : perpustakaanJam : selailine : barisanJewelery : perhiasanlist : daftarJoy : kesenanganmachine : mesinJuice : jusmagazine : majalahJustice : keadilanman : laki-lakiKindness : kebaikanmeeting : pertemuanKnowledge : pengetahuanmember : anggotaLightning : kilatmessage : pesanLight : cahayamethod ; metodeLoneliness : kesendirianminute : menitLuck : keberuntunganmistake : kesalahanLove  : cintamodel : modelMoney ; uangmonth : bulanMusic : musikmouth : mulutMeat  : dagingnation : bangsaManagement : manajemenoffice : kantorMathematics : matematikpage : halamanMilk : susuparty : pestaMotivation : motivasipath : jalanMotherhood : keibuanpicture : gambarNature : alamplan : rencanaNitrogen : nitrogenproblem : masalahNutrition : nutrisiproduct : produkNoise : kebisinganring : cincinNews : bertiariver : sungaiObedience : kepatuhanroad : jalanObesity : kegemukanroom : ruanganOxygen : oksigenschool : sekolahOil : minyakship : perahuPaper  : kertassister : saudariPoetry : sajaksmile ; senyumanPressure : tekananson : putra laki-lakiPerfume : parfumspot : titikQuality  : kualitasstar : bintangQuantity : kuantitasstreet : jalanReality : realitasstudent : muridRevenge : dendamtable : mejaRacism : rasismetask : tugasRain : hujanteacher : guruResearch : penelitiantown : kotaSalt : garamvalley : lembahSafety : keselamatanvillage : desaSoil : tanahwall : tembokSatisfaction : kepuasanweek : mingguSand : pasirwindow ; jendelaTea : tehwoman : wanitaThunder : petiryear : tahunTrust : kepercayaan