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Present Perfect Continuous Tense – English grammar tutorial video lesson
นอกจากการดูบทความนี้แล้ว คุณยังสามารถดูข้อมูลที่เป็นประโยชน์อื่นๆ อีกมากมายที่เราให้ไว้ที่นี่: ดูความรู้เพิ่มเติมที่นี่
Present perfect continuous tense video lesson. Welcome to English grammar spot. This lesson is about the present perfect
continuous. In this tutorial I’m going to show you
how to form the present perfect continuous
and when to use the present perfect continuous but before we get started is good to know how to conjugate the
verb ‘to have.’ For the singular forms:
I have, you have, he has, she has
it has and for the plural forms we have, you have, they have
Now let’s get started let’s take a look at these sentences
I have been working a lot lately.
It has been snowing since Friday.
Both the sentences are in the present perfect continuous tense. How to form a present perfect continuous.
We use the auxiliary verb to have and the past participle
of the to be which is being, the base form of the verb
and ING. For example:
I have been working all afternoon.
You have been listening to the radio for the past hour.
He has been sweeping the floor all afternoon.
She has been spending a lot of money lately.
It has been raining all week.
And for the plural forms:
We have been playing computer games all night.
You have been searching for a supermarket.
They have been watching the news all afternoon.
Now we need to pay special attention to verbs
that end in an ‘e’. For example: live, make close and wipe, because these verbs drop their ‘e’. Take a look at the
examples: I have been living here for quite some
time now.
He has been making a lot of noise lately.
They have been wiping the floor for over an hour.
Please note that leaving, making and wiping no longer have an ‘e.’ Now let’s take a look at the present perfect
continuous in questions. Again we use the auxiliary verb ‘to have’ the past participle of the verb to be, the base
form of the verb and ING.
Has she been talking about him?
Have you been playing tennis?
Have they been doing their job?
For negations we do the same but we add not to the auxiliary verb ‘to have.’ becoming haven’t or hasn’t.
I haven’t been listening to the news.
She hasn’t been waiting for you for over an hour.
The haven’t been paying attention.
Now let’s take a look at when we use a present perfect continuous. We use a present perfect continuous for
activities that started in the past but have
continued in the present.
For example: I have been travelling for a few years. So I started travelling a few years ago and I’m still traveling.
They have been working as a chauffeur. So in the past they
started to work as a chauffeur and they still are chauffeurs. We also used the present perfect continuous for things
that happened in the past but it’s not important when they
happened, so we do not need to know the time when it took place. She has been visiting her aunt a lot.
They have been repairing that car.
So both these sentences lack time.
We also use the present perfect continues for things that are annoying.
For example I’ve been doing your dirty laundry all afternoon.
They have been playing loud music all night long.
Present Perfect Continuous Tense #53
Present Perfect Continuous Tense Konu Anlatımı videosunda, İngilizce Present Perfect Continuous Tense konusunu anlatıyorum.
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Öncelikle present perfect continuous nerelerde kullanılır buna bakalım. Geçen ders öğrendiğimiz yakın geçmiş zamandaki eylemler devam etmiyordu ancak ucu açıklık söz konusuydu ve bir şekilde şu anı ilgilendiriyorlardı. Present perfect continuous ile kurulan cümleler ise geçmişte başlayıp halen devam eden eylemleri anlatıyor. Bu zamanda kurulan cümleleri Türkçeye şimdiki zaman cümlelerini çevirdiğimiz gibi çeviriyoruz. Bu zaman ile “yapıyorum ediyorum, yapmaktayım, etmekteyim” anlamını veren cümleler kuruyoruz.
Peki present perfect continuous nasıl kullanılır? Eylem değil, durum anlatan fiillerin, sonlarına ing takısı almadığını öğrenmiştik. İşte bu fiiller, sonlarına ing almadıkları için present perfect continuous tense ile kullanılamıyorlar ve yakın geçmiş zamanla yetinmek zorunda kalıyorlar.
Present perfect continuous tense konusunu anlatırken bu zamanı nasıl kullandığımıza ve present perfect ile present continuous arasındaki farka değinmeliyiz. Aslına bakarsanız ikisi birbirinden çok farklı zamanlar; nihayetinde birisi yapıyorum, ediyorum, yapmaktayım, etmekteyim derken kullandığımız bir zaman, diğer ise yapmış, etmiş, yaptı, etti derken tercih ettiğimiz bir zaman.
Present perfect tense ile tamamlanmış olaylardan bahsediyorduk, ancak Present perfect continuous ile devam etmekte olan olayları anlatıyoruz. Aralarındaki en büyük fark bu.
Present perfect continuous kullanımında herhangi bir zaman zarfı kullanmadığımızda, “son zamanlarda” anlamını veren lately/recently zaman zarflarının otomatik olarak devreye girer. Bunları cümleye yazmasak da Present perfect continuous cümleleri gizliden gizliye bu tür bir mesaj barındırıyor. Örneğin, “What have you been doing?” sorusunda bu iki kelime geçmese bile cümlemiz “Son zamanlarda neler yapmaktasın?” şeklinde algılanacaktır.
İngilizcede devam eden geçmiş zamanı geçmişte başlayıp daha yeni bitmiş olan ve dolayısıyla etkisi halen devam eden durumlarda da kullanıyoruz. Ancak yakın geçmişi anlatırken de etkisi devam eden olaylarda kullanılıyor demiştim. Peki bu ikisini nasıl ayırt edeceğiz? Yakın geçmiş zamanda etkisi devam eden eylem konuşma anından günler önce de yapılmış olabilir. Bunda ise eylemin hemen o anda ya da çok kısa bir zaman önce bitmiş olması ve gözle görünür etkisinin olması şartı aranıyor.
Present perfect present perfect continuous farklarından biri de bu zamanın “süreci” ön plana çıkartması. Bir şeyin kaç kere değil de, ne kadar süredir yapılmakta olduğunu anlatırken present perfect continuous tercih ediyoruz.
Devam eden geçmiş zaman ile ilgili olarak söylenebilecek temel şeyler bunlar. Çok fazla kural varmış, nasıl ezberleyeceğim diye endişe etmeyin çünkü Allahtan Türkçe biliyoruz ve Türkçe ile kıyaslama yaparak bu zamanın mekte/makta anlamını verdiğini görebiliyoruz.
Alıntı Yapılan Filmler (Alıntı Sırasıyla)
Shutter Island
The Prestige
Saving Private Ryan
Léon: The Professional
Back to the Future
Die Hard
Gran Torino
Finding Nemo
What Have You Been Doing? – Present Perfect Continuous
Learn how to use Present Perfect Continuous through this story. There are many examples in the video that can help you understand this tense easily and use it correctly.
Learn English Tenses: The Present Perfect
Welcome to this English grammar lesson about the present perfect tense. This is a very common English verb tense, and it can be a bit tricky for people who are learning English. It is one of the more advanced English verb tenses. It is helpful to know it when you want to talk about actions where time is not important, time is not specified, or the action is not finished.
Once you master the conjugation and usage, you’ll be able to use it in sentences like, \”I have studied English since I was a kid!\” You’ll notice in this sentence we’re talking about something that has no clear start or end. The time is not important so we use the present perfect tense.
I’ll start by helping you learn how to conjugate in the present perfect for written and spoken English. This verb conjugation is made up of the subject, the verb \”to have\” conjugated, and then the past participle of the verb. I’ll also make sure I help you learn how to use it in the negative, and how to form questions with the present perfect.
I hope you enjoy this English grammar lesson about the present perfect tense! I hope you’re having a great day!
0:00 Introduction
0:51 How to Form the Present Perfect
1:30 Contracted Forms
1:55 Present Perfect Usage Situation 1
2:26 Present Perfect Usage Situation 2
2:53 Present Perfect Usage Situation 3
3:19 Present Perfect Usage Situation 4
3:56 Present Perfect Usage Situation 5
4:23 The Present Perfect Negative
4:47 Present Perfect Negative Contractions
5:08 Forming Present Perfect Questions
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