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Home » [Update] Present Perfect Verb Tense | present perfect simple – NATAVIGUIDES

[Update] Present Perfect Verb Tense | present perfect simple – NATAVIGUIDES

present perfect simple: คุณกำลังดูกระทู้

The Perfect Tenses

The opinion of many native and non-native English speakers is that the perfect tenses are far from being ‘perfect’. They cause headaches for most people. On these pages, we will break the perfect tenses down into short sections that will make them easier to understand.

Write better and faster
Ginger helps you write confidently.

Start writing with Ginger

Useful Tip

Time Expressions in the Present Perfect

  • Use since with a specific year or a period in the past > since 2002 / since I was a child
  • Use for with a number of years > for twenty years
  • Use ever and yet in questions and negatives > Have you ever / hasn’t been yet
  • Use already and never, just between have/has and the verb > has already finished / have just been
  • Use before, since, for, already, many times, so far, yet at the end of a sentence or questions > Have you been there before?

The present perfect simple tense is used to

Describe actions that occurred in the past but are still relevant to the present.

  1. Rani has broken her arm. (She broke it in the past and can’t use her arm now.)

Describe an action that started in the past but is still happening on a regular or habitual basis (like the present simple).

  1. The girls have played tennis at the club since 2005. (They started to play tennis there in 2005 and still play there today. This does not mean they are playing tennis at the moment.)

Describe actions that were repeated several times in the past.

  1. I‘ve already made several calls. (Up until now)

The specific time in the past is unimportant, just the fact that it happened.

Note: Time Expressions – Present Perfect
NEVER use the same time expressions that you use in the past simple tense, such as: yesterday, a week ago, last night. You MAY use unspecific time expressions such as: ever, never, since, for, already, many times, before, so far, yet.

The Typical Present Perfect Sentence

In order to form a typical sentence in the present perfect simple, choose a subject ((the person or thing that has done the action), add an auxiliary (or helping) verb: has or have + the V3 (past participle) form of the verb and then add the rest of the sentence.

Subject
have/has +Verb(V3)
(Past Participle)
Rest of Sentence

I / You / We / They
have met
him before

He / She / It
has lived
here for three years

The V3 (past participle) form of a regular verb looks just like a regular verb in the past simple:

  1. walk > walked / study > studied / stop > stopped / create > created

There are quite a few irregular verbs in English. It pays to memorize them.

Note: Has Had – A verb combination that often causes confusion in the present perfect simple is has had or have had. Ex. I have had enough of your complaining! Have is the auxiliary (or helping) verb and had is the V3 (or past participle) of the main verb to have. It may look strange, but it is correct.

Contractions in the Present Perfect Simple

In general, we contract the subject (the person or thing that has done the action) and form of have:

  1. I have > I’ve – I’ve used those images before.
  2. He has > He’s / She has > She’s / It has > It’s – He’s already had the surgery.
  3. We have > We’ve / You have > You’ve / They are > They’ve – We’ve just gotten home.

You may have noticed that the 3rd person singular (he, she, it) contractions look like those in the present progressive. You can tell them apart by the use of the V3 and from the context of the sentence: he is > He’s eating now. / he has > He’s eaten dinner already

Save the long forms for when you want to create emphasis. When speaking, you should stress the have/has.

  1. He has sung that song. I know he has.

Negative Sentences in the Present Perfect Simple Tense

Spelling Tip

When shortening the auxiliary verb have/has and the negative, just remove the o in not and add an apostrophe (‘)
has not > hasn’t
have not > haven’t

When creating negative sentences, we usually use hasn’t or haven’t together + the V3 (past participle) form of the verb. Save the long forms (has not, and have not) for when you want to create emphasis. When speaking, put the stress on ‘not’.

Subject
Auxillery Verb
Verb in V3
(Past Participle)
Rest of Sentence

I / You / We / They
haven’t (have not)
ridden
a bike in many years

He / She / It
hasn’t (has not)
lost
enough weight yet

  1. I haven’t eaten at that restaurant in a long time.
  2. Jim hasn’t worked on Fridays since he joined the company.
  3. My friends haven’t ever gone to France.
  4. I have not forgiven you!

Yes/No Questions in the Present Perfect Simple

To create a question that will be answered with a yes or no, start the question with Have or Has, (Haven’t or Hasn’t for a negative question) then add a subject (the person or thing that has done the action) followed by the V3 (Past Participle) form of the verb and only then add the rest of the sentence.

Auxiliary Verb
Subject
Verb in V3
(Past Participle)
Rest of Sentence

Have
I / you / we / they
begun
the meeting yet

Has
he / she / it
answered
your letter

Hasn’t
he / she / it
eaten
dinner yet

  1. Have you ever gone ice skating?
  2. Has Jerry presented his ideas to the CEO yet?

Wh-Questions in the Present Perfect Simple

Wh- questions are questions that require more information in their answers. Typical wh- words are what, where, when, why, who, how, how many, how much.

To create a wh-question, start with the wh-word, then add have or has, then the subject (a person or thing that has done the action), followed by the V3 (Past Participle) form of the verb and only then add the rest of the sentence.

Wh-Word
Auxiliary Verb
Subject
Verb in V3
(Past Participle)
Rest of Sentence

What
have
I / you / we / they
read
lately

Why
has
he / she / it
changed
color

  1. When have I ever lied to you?
  2. Why has Tanya left the country?
  3. How much money have you spent so far?

Tag Questions in the Present Perfect Simple

Tag questions are those short questions that are tagged onto the end of a sentence. They are used just to make sure that the person you’re talking to understood what you meant or to emphasize what you said.

They’re formed by using a regular sentence in the present perfect simple, then adding haven’t or hasn’t and a pronoun (I, you, we, they, he, she, it) and a question mark.

Examples of the Present Perfect Simple – Tag Questions:

  1. John has known her for a couple of years, hasn’t he?
  2. They have been in business since 1980, haven’t they?

You may also add a positive tag when you’re using a negative sentence.

  1. Keisha hasn’t spoken to you yet, has she?
  2. Those kids have never played rugby, have they?

As a rule: When the sentence is positive, the tag is negative.
When the sentence is negative, the tag is positive.

Exercises – Present Perfect Simple

Fill in the correct form of the present perfect simple as in the examples.

  1. Dan

    has worked

    in that company for 12 years. (work)

  2. Have

    you

    heard

    the news? (hear)

  3. The boys

    have

    never

    eaten

    sushi. (eat)

  1. Daniel ____ that video clip at least twenty times. (see)
  2. The workers _______ a break in 4 hours. (not have)
  3. We ___________ them regularly over the last few years. (visit)
  4. _______ Ella _______ her driving test yet? (pass)
  5. Roger _______ to Mexico several times since 2002.(be)
  6. They______ to each other in ages, _______ they? (not speak)
  7. Why _______ Mathew _______his job? (quit)
  8. ______the nurses ______ on strike again? (go)
  9. ________ they ______ the post yet? (not deliver)
  10. I _____ already_______ you the answer. (tell)

Answers:

  1. has seen
  2. haven’t had
  3. have visited
  4. Has/passed
  5. has been
  6. haven’t spoken/have
  7. has/quit
  8. Have/gone
  9. Haven’t/delivered
  10. have/ told

Examples – Present Perfect Simple

Positive

  1. Rani has broken her arm.
  2. The girls have played tennis at the club since 2005.
  3. I’ve already made several calls.

Contractions

  1. I have > I’ve – I’ve used those images before.
  2. He has > He’s / She has > She’s / It has > It’s – He’s already had the surgery.
  3. We have > We’ve / You have > You’ve /They have > They’ve – We’ve just gotten home.

Negative

  1. I haven’t eaten at that restaurant yet.
  2. Jim hasn’t worked on Fridays since he joined the company.
  3. My friends haven’t ever gone to France.
  4. I have not forgiven you!

Yes/No Questions

  1. Have you ever gone ice skating?
  2. Has Jerry presented his ideas to the CEO yet?

Wh-Questions

  1. When have I ever lied to you?
  2. Why has Tanya left the country?
  3. How much money have you spent so far?

Tag Questions

  1. John has known her for a couple of years, hasn’t he?
  2. They have been in business since 1980, haven’t they?
  3. Keisha hasn’t spoken to you yet, has she?
  4. Those kids have never played rugby, have they?

[Update] Present Perfect Verb Tense | present perfect simple – NATAVIGUIDES

The Perfect Tenses

The opinion of many native and non-native English speakers is that the perfect tenses are far from being ‘perfect’. They cause headaches for most people. On these pages, we will break the perfect tenses down into short sections that will make them easier to understand.

Write better and faster
Ginger helps you write confidently.

Start writing with Ginger

Useful Tip

Time Expressions in the Present Perfect

  • Use since with a specific year or a period in the past > since 2002 / since I was a child
  • Use for with a number of years > for twenty years
  • Use ever and yet in questions and negatives > Have you ever / hasn’t been yet
  • Use already and never, just between have/has and the verb > has already finished / have just been
  • Use before, since, for, already, many times, so far, yet at the end of a sentence or questions > Have you been there before?

The present perfect simple tense is used to

Describe actions that occurred in the past but are still relevant to the present.

  1. Rani has broken her arm. (She broke it in the past and can’t use her arm now.)

Describe an action that started in the past but is still happening on a regular or habitual basis (like the present simple).

  1. The girls have played tennis at the club since 2005. (They started to play tennis there in 2005 and still play there today. This does not mean they are playing tennis at the moment.)

Describe actions that were repeated several times in the past.

  1. I‘ve already made several calls. (Up until now)

The specific time in the past is unimportant, just the fact that it happened.

Note: Time Expressions – Present Perfect
NEVER use the same time expressions that you use in the past simple tense, such as: yesterday, a week ago, last night. You MAY use unspecific time expressions such as: ever, never, since, for, already, many times, before, so far, yet.

The Typical Present Perfect Sentence

In order to form a typical sentence in the present perfect simple, choose a subject ((the person or thing that has done the action), add an auxiliary (or helping) verb: has or have + the V3 (past participle) form of the verb and then add the rest of the sentence.

Subject
have/has +Verb(V3)
(Past Participle)
Rest of Sentence

I / You / We / They
have met
him before

He / She / It
has lived
here for three years

The V3 (past participle) form of a regular verb looks just like a regular verb in the past simple:

  1. walk > walked / study > studied / stop > stopped / create > created

There are quite a few irregular verbs in English. It pays to memorize them.

Note: Has Had – A verb combination that often causes confusion in the present perfect simple is has had or have had. Ex. I have had enough of your complaining! Have is the auxiliary (or helping) verb and had is the V3 (or past participle) of the main verb to have. It may look strange, but it is correct.

Contractions in the Present Perfect Simple

In general, we contract the subject (the person or thing that has done the action) and form of have:

  1. I have > I’ve – I’ve used those images before.
  2. He has > He’s / She has > She’s / It has > It’s – He’s already had the surgery.
  3. We have > We’ve / You have > You’ve / They are > They’ve – We’ve just gotten home.

You may have noticed that the 3rd person singular (he, she, it) contractions look like those in the present progressive. You can tell them apart by the use of the V3 and from the context of the sentence: he is > He’s eating now. / he has > He’s eaten dinner already

Save the long forms for when you want to create emphasis. When speaking, you should stress the have/has.

  1. He has sung that song. I know he has.

Negative Sentences in the Present Perfect Simple Tense

Spelling Tip

When shortening the auxiliary verb have/has and the negative, just remove the o in not and add an apostrophe (‘)
has not > hasn’t
have not > haven’t

When creating negative sentences, we usually use hasn’t or haven’t together + the V3 (past participle) form of the verb. Save the long forms (has not, and have not) for when you want to create emphasis. When speaking, put the stress on ‘not’.

Subject
Auxillery Verb
Verb in V3
(Past Participle)
Rest of Sentence

I / You / We / They
haven’t (have not)
ridden
a bike in many years

He / She / It
hasn’t (has not)
lost
enough weight yet

  1. I haven’t eaten at that restaurant in a long time.
  2. Jim hasn’t worked on Fridays since he joined the company.
  3. My friends haven’t ever gone to France.
  4. I have not forgiven you!

Yes/No Questions in the Present Perfect Simple

To create a question that will be answered with a yes or no, start the question with Have or Has, (Haven’t or Hasn’t for a negative question) then add a subject (the person or thing that has done the action) followed by the V3 (Past Participle) form of the verb and only then add the rest of the sentence.

Auxiliary Verb
Subject
Verb in V3
(Past Participle)
Rest of Sentence

Have
I / you / we / they
begun
the meeting yet

Has
he / she / it
answered
your letter

Hasn’t
he / she / it
eaten
dinner yet

  1. Have you ever gone ice skating?
  2. Has Jerry presented his ideas to the CEO yet?

Wh-Questions in the Present Perfect Simple

Wh- questions are questions that require more information in their answers. Typical wh- words are what, where, when, why, who, how, how many, how much.

To create a wh-question, start with the wh-word, then add have or has, then the subject (a person or thing that has done the action), followed by the V3 (Past Participle) form of the verb and only then add the rest of the sentence.

Wh-Word
Auxiliary Verb
Subject
Verb in V3
(Past Participle)
Rest of Sentence

What
have
I / you / we / they
read
lately

Why
has
he / she / it
changed
color

  1. When have I ever lied to you?
  2. Why has Tanya left the country?
  3. How much money have you spent so far?

Tag Questions in the Present Perfect Simple

Tag questions are those short questions that are tagged onto the end of a sentence. They are used just to make sure that the person you’re talking to understood what you meant or to emphasize what you said.

They’re formed by using a regular sentence in the present perfect simple, then adding haven’t or hasn’t and a pronoun (I, you, we, they, he, she, it) and a question mark.

Examples of the Present Perfect Simple – Tag Questions:

  1. John has known her for a couple of years, hasn’t he?
  2. They have been in business since 1980, haven’t they?

You may also add a positive tag when you’re using a negative sentence.

  1. Keisha hasn’t spoken to you yet, has she?
  2. Those kids have never played rugby, have they?

As a rule: When the sentence is positive, the tag is negative.
When the sentence is negative, the tag is positive.

Exercises – Present Perfect Simple

Fill in the correct form of the present perfect simple as in the examples.

  1. Dan

    has worked

    in that company for 12 years. (work)

  2. Have

    you

    heard

    the news? (hear)

  3. The boys

    have

    never

    eaten

    sushi. (eat)

  1. Daniel ____ that video clip at least twenty times. (see)
  2. The workers _______ a break in 4 hours. (not have)
  3. We ___________ them regularly over the last few years. (visit)
  4. _______ Ella _______ her driving test yet? (pass)
  5. Roger _______ to Mexico several times since 2002.(be)
  6. They______ to each other in ages, _______ they? (not speak)
  7. Why _______ Mathew _______his job? (quit)
  8. ______the nurses ______ on strike again? (go)
  9. ________ they ______ the post yet? (not deliver)
  10. I _____ already_______ you the answer. (tell)

Answers:

  1. has seen
  2. haven’t had
  3. have visited
  4. Has/passed
  5. has been
  6. haven’t spoken/have
  7. has/quit
  8. Have/gone
  9. Haven’t/delivered
  10. have/ told

Examples – Present Perfect Simple

Positive

  1. Rani has broken her arm.
  2. The girls have played tennis at the club since 2005.
  3. I’ve already made several calls.

Contractions

  1. I have > I’ve – I’ve used those images before.
  2. He has > He’s / She has > She’s / It has > It’s – He’s already had the surgery.
  3. We have > We’ve / You have > You’ve /They have > They’ve – We’ve just gotten home.

Negative

  1. I haven’t eaten at that restaurant yet.
  2. Jim hasn’t worked on Fridays since he joined the company.
  3. My friends haven’t ever gone to France.
  4. I have not forgiven you!

Yes/No Questions

  1. Have you ever gone ice skating?
  2. Has Jerry presented his ideas to the CEO yet?

Wh-Questions

  1. When have I ever lied to you?
  2. Why has Tanya left the country?
  3. How much money have you spent so far?

Tag Questions

  1. John has known her for a couple of years, hasn’t he?
  2. They have been in business since 1980, haven’t they?
  3. Keisha hasn’t spoken to you yet, has she?
  4. Those kids have never played rugby, have they?


What Did You Do? Simple Past Tense


Learn how to talk about your day or about your weekend and how to ask questions using Past Tense Verbs.

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What Did You Do? Simple Past Tense

What have you done lately? Present Perfect Tense


Learn how to use the present perfect tense through a short story and pay attention to the time expressions used like ever, never, just, always, already, yet.

What have you done lately? Present Perfect Tense

The Present Perfect Tense in English | Structuring Sentences


The present perfect is formed, in the affirmative, as follows
Subject + have + past participle + object.
I + have + climbed + the mountain!
Example: have climbed the mountain!
The past participle is, often, the same as the past simple form of the verb (although not always so be sure to learn them!), except it has a different function here. The auxiliary verb is the one linked to the subject; the past participle simply denotes the action while the I have…, You have…, etc. denotes who had the experience.
Conjugating the Present Perfect (affirmative)
I have climbed the mountain
You have climbed the mountain
He/She has climbed the mountain
We have climbed the mountain
They have climbed the mountain
As is quite common in English, all these conjugations are the same except for one: the third person. One must be careful to remember this exception. Apart from this, the present perfect is quite simple; now you can go forth fully equipped to brag about your experiences in any conversation!
Forming the Present Perfect (negative)
The present perfect (negative) is formed as follows:
Subject + have + not + past participle + object.
We + have + not + eaten + Thai food.
We have not eaten Thai food.
Conjugating the Present Perfect (affirmative)
I have not eaten Thai food
You have not eaten Thai food
He/She has not eaten Thai food
We have not eaten Thai food
They have not eaten Thai food
It is important to keep in mind the order of the various parts of these phrases. Remember always that the negation (not) goes between the auxiliary verb and the past participle.
We can also employ a contraction here which will make conversation easier. In this case there are two contractions to be learned
have not ⇒ haven’t
has not ⇒ hasn’t
With our newly learned contractions, the conjugations become
I haven’t eaten Thai food
You haven’t eaten Thai food
He/She hasn’t eaten Thai food
We haven’t eaten Thai food
They haven’t eaten Thai food
Forming the Present Perfect (interrogative)
The present perfect (interrogative) is formed as follows
Have + subject + past participle + object?
Have + you + visited + South Carolina?
Have you visited South Carolina?
Conjugating the Present Perfect
Have I visited South Carolina ?
Have you visited South Carolina ?
Has he/she visited South Carolina ?
Have we visited South Carolina ?
Have they visited South Carolina ?
Again, we can add negation in order to affect emphasis. For example
Robert: Do you know much about Elvis Presley?
John: Haven’t I visited Memphis?
John answers Robert’s question with another question, which he believes should suffice as an answer. In this case, John means that he indeed knows much about Elvis Presley and has even visited his home in Memphis.
With the negation (and contraction), our interrogative conjugations become:
Haven’t I visited Memphis?
Haven’t you visited Memphis?
Hasn’t he/she visited Memphis?
Haven’t we visited Memphis?
Haven’t they visited Memphis?

The Present Perfect Tense in English | Structuring Sentences

How to Use the Present Perfect Simple and Present Perfect Continuous


In this lesson, you can learn about the present perfect simple and present perfect continuous verb forms.\r\rWhat’s the difference between ‘I have done’ and ‘I have been doing?’ When should you use the present perfect continuous? You’ll see the answers to these questions in this lesson.\r Do you want more grammar practice? The OOE teachers are here to help you! Learn more: http://bit.ly/ooeteachers.
See the full lesson with script on our website: https://www.oxfordonlineenglish.com/presentperfectpresentperfectcontinuous.
Contents:
Intro 00:00 00:55
How to Form the Present Perfect Continuous 00:55 04:04
Using the Present Perfect Continuous: Linking Past and Present 04:04 07:20
Using the Present Perfect Continuous: Explaining Present Results 07:20 08:59
Present Perfect Simple vs. Continuous 08:59 12:06
Focus on Results vs. Focus on Process 12:06
This lesson will help you:
Understand how to correctly form the present perfect continuous verb tense in English.
See example dialogues of how to use the present perfect continuous.
Learn how to use the present perfect continuous in English to connect the past to the present.
Use the present perfect continuous tense to explain results that are in the present.
See the main differences between the present perfect simple and present perfect continuous tenses.
Learn about state verbs like ‘be’ and why you can’t use them in the present perfect continuous, along with an exception.
Know the difference between describing results and describing processes when using the present perfect and present perfect continuous.
Become more comfortable choosing between present perfect simple or present perfect continuous when speaking and writing in English.
SUBSCRIBE to continue improving your English! https://goo.gl/UUQW8j
See more free English lessons like this one on our website: https://www.oxfordonlineenglish.com/.

How to Use the Present Perfect Simple and Present Perfect Continuous

Present Perfect


In this video, students learn two common uses of the present perfect tense. They also learn the difference between regular and irregular past participles. For more videos and lessons, visit us at https://esllibrary.com.
Link to lesson: https://esllibrary.com/courses/88/lessons/1597
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Present Perfect

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