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Present Perfect and Past Simple: Difference
English learners often confuse the Past Simple and Present Perfect and do not know which of these two tenses to use. Let’s see what are the main differences between the Present Perfect and the Past Simple.
Difference # 1
We use the Present Perfect when we talk about something that is our personal experience. Something that we did, saw, learned, etc.
I have seen the film twice.
I have learned to act quickly.
When we use Past Simple
Difference # 2
We use the Past Simple when we want to emphasize that the action ended in the past and does not affect us in any way today.
Three years ago, I met the man who changed my life.
We used the Past Simple because we were talking about action from the past. We did not show the connection of this action with the moment of speaking.
I am a good chef, I have learned from the best chef in New York!
We use the Present Perfect to emphasize that the experience is relevant to us now.
The Present Perfect has a connection with the present. Therefore, we use the Present Perfect when we talk about events that have already happened, but the result of these events is associated with the present.
The Past Simple has no such connection with the present. We use the Past Simple when we talk about what happened in the past and ended in the past. Even if this “past” was just a minute ago.
The main thing is that when we use the Past Simple, we understand that the event that happened is a part of the past. We use the Present Perfect to emphasize that the event is part of the present.
I have done two tasks in the morning. (The morning isn’t over yet)
We use the Present Perfect because the morning is not over yet. The event is related to the present.
I did two tasks in the morning. (The morning is over, it’s evening now)
We use the Past Simple because the morning is already over. Therefore, the event that we are describing has nothing to do with the moment of speaking.
I went to London when I was a kid.
We use the Past Simple to tell about an event that happened in the past and has no connection with the present.
I have already been to London. So now I will go to Paris.
We use the Present Perfect to share our experiences. That we have been to London already. This experience has a connection with the present because we are reporting that we are going to Paris instead of London. Therefore, the information that we have already been to London is relevant to the present.
I have had dinner already. Let’s go for a walk?
We use the Present Perfect because, although the action ended in the past, it is associated with the present.
Two weeks ago, we had dinner on Mr. Johnson’s yacht.
We use the Past Simple because we are describing an action that happened in the past. The action ended in the past. Its result has nothing to do with the present.
When we use Present Perfect
Difference # 3
We use the Present Perfect if the time when the action happened does not matter. The only thing that matters is the result of what happened. We use the Past Simple when it is important to indicate the time when the action occurred.
Difference of the use of Present Perfect and Past Simple
To better understand the difference look at the examples:
I was in this restaurant three years ago.
We use the Past Simple, we talk about what happened 3 years ago.
I have been to this restaurant before.
We use the Present Perfect because the result is more important than the time when it happened. We even used the word “before“. We can use words like this in the Present Perfect. “Before” does not describe the exact time when this happened.
Past Simple. Example and rule.
Difference # 4
Has the action that started in the past ended? Or is it still going on? Will the action continue?
We use the Past Simple when we talk about actions that started in the past and ended in the past. We use the Present Perfect when we want to emphasize that an action began in the past, but it is not over yet.
I have studied history for three years now.
We used the Present Perfect because the action we are talking about is not over yet. Thus, this action has a connection with the moment of speaking.
I studied history for three years when I was a student.
We use the Past Simple because the action we are talking about started in the past and ended in the past.
I have lived in London since 1990.
We use the Present Perfect because the action has a connection with the present. The action is not over yet. Maybe the action will continue further.
I lived in London in 1990.
We use the Past Simple because the action ended in the past. The action does not continue now and will not continue after.
Past Simple. Example.
Difference # 5
We use Present Perfect when we talk about something that happened in a period that is not over yet. We use the Past Simple when we talk about an action that happened in a period that has already ended.
I read two articles in the morning. (It’s already lunchtime)
In this example, we are using the Past Simple, because it is no longer morning but lunch. Therefore, the period we are talking about has already ended. Therefore, we are using the Past Simple.
I have read two articles in the morning. (The morning is still going on)
In this example, we are using Present Perfect because the morning is not over yet. Therefore, we report what happened in an unfinished period. Therefore, we are using Present Perfect.
Difference between Past Simple and Present Perfect.
Let’s take a look at some more examples:
I’ve worked hard this week. (This week is still going on)
We use the Present Perfect because this week is not over yet. This week is still going on.
I worked hard last week.
We are using the Past Simple because we are talking about last week. Last week is already over.
John has lived a long life and he still works!
We are using the Present Perfect because we are talking about an unfinished period. John is still alive and his life is still going on.
Abraham Lincoln had a very interesting life.
We use the Past Simple because Abraham Lincoln died long ago. The time when Lincoln lived is over.
An example of Past Simple.
Difference # 6
We DO NOT use the Present Perfect when we indicate the exact time in the past. Therefore, if someone asks us when something happened, we respond using the Past Simple.
When did you read this book?
I read this book two weeks ago.
In this example, we do not report the FACT or RESULT of what happened, we report the TIME when it happened.
The time is more important than the fact because we are asked about the TIME when the action took place.
An example of the usage of Past Simple.
Difference # 7
Are we talking about events of the recent past?
We use the Present Perfect when we talk about events of the recent past. We often emphasize that an event happened recently using words such as: recently, lately, not so long ago … We use these words to show a connection with the present.
I have been very tired lately.
We use the Present Perfect to emphasize that this action happened recently. This is an unfinished period. Therefore, we use the Present Perfect.
I was very tired yesterday.
We use the Past Simple to emphasize the time. We focus on WHEN. Therefore, we use the Past Simple.
Difference # 8
We use the Present Perfect when we emphasize the fact that an action takes place the first time, the second time, the third time, etc.
I have come to this city for the first time!
We don’t focus on when the action happened. We just report that this was the first time.
In 1988 I came to this city for the first time.
In this case, we use the Past Simple. We describe when the action occurred. We focus on the time when it happened, and not on the fact that it happened the first time.
Using the Present Perfect, we emphasize how many times an action has occurred:
John has visited me twice already.
She has yelled at me for the third time today!
In these examples, we are describing an unfinished period.
Additional Tips to Understand the Difference between Present Perfect and Past Simple
The Verb To Have
The verb to have is not just an auxiliary verb. The verb to have is an important part of the Present Perfect, this verb shows the essence of this tense.
I have read a book.
In this example, the verb to have indicates that we have the book read. This is the connection between the action “read” and the moment of speaking “I have“.
The words Just, Already, Yet
When we use the Present Perfect we often use words like Just, Already, Yet. Because these words show that an action ended or didn’t end before the moment of speaking.
We use the Past Simple when we say exactly when an action happened. Because the exact time shows that the action happened and ended at some point in the past.
Present Perfect:
I have already watched this movie.
I have just watched this movie.
I have not watched this movie yet.
Past Simple:
I watched this movie in 1998.
I watched this movie three days ago.
Examples of Past Simple with the exact time.
Remember, the best way to learn the difference between Present Perfect and Past Simple is not learning the rules, but an everyday practice.
You can also read the full article on Present Perfect and Past Simple.
[Update] Present Perfect and Past Simple: Difference | past simple and present perfect – NATAVIGUIDES
Present Perfect and Past Simple: Difference
English learners often confuse the Past Simple and Present Perfect and do not know which of these two tenses to use. Let’s see what are the main differences between the Present Perfect and the Past Simple.
Difference # 1
We use the Present Perfect when we talk about something that is our personal experience. Something that we did, saw, learned, etc.
I have seen the film twice.
I have learned to act quickly.
When we use Past Simple
Difference # 2
We use the Past Simple when we want to emphasize that the action ended in the past and does not affect us in any way today.
Three years ago, I met the man who changed my life.
We used the Past Simple because we were talking about action from the past. We did not show the connection of this action with the moment of speaking.
I am a good chef, I have learned from the best chef in New York!
We use the Present Perfect to emphasize that the experience is relevant to us now.
The Present Perfect has a connection with the present. Therefore, we use the Present Perfect when we talk about events that have already happened, but the result of these events is associated with the present.
The Past Simple has no such connection with the present. We use the Past Simple when we talk about what happened in the past and ended in the past. Even if this “past” was just a minute ago.
The main thing is that when we use the Past Simple, we understand that the event that happened is a part of the past. We use the Present Perfect to emphasize that the event is part of the present.
I have done two tasks in the morning. (The morning isn’t over yet)
We use the Present Perfect because the morning is not over yet. The event is related to the present.
I did two tasks in the morning. (The morning is over, it’s evening now)
We use the Past Simple because the morning is already over. Therefore, the event that we are describing has nothing to do with the moment of speaking.
I went to London when I was a kid.
We use the Past Simple to tell about an event that happened in the past and has no connection with the present.
I have already been to London. So now I will go to Paris.
We use the Present Perfect to share our experiences. That we have been to London already. This experience has a connection with the present because we are reporting that we are going to Paris instead of London. Therefore, the information that we have already been to London is relevant to the present.
I have had dinner already. Let’s go for a walk?
We use the Present Perfect because, although the action ended in the past, it is associated with the present.
Two weeks ago, we had dinner on Mr. Johnson’s yacht.
We use the Past Simple because we are describing an action that happened in the past. The action ended in the past. Its result has nothing to do with the present.
When we use Present Perfect
Difference # 3
We use the Present Perfect if the time when the action happened does not matter. The only thing that matters is the result of what happened. We use the Past Simple when it is important to indicate the time when the action occurred.
Difference of the use of Present Perfect and Past Simple
To better understand the difference look at the examples:
I was in this restaurant three years ago.
We use the Past Simple, we talk about what happened 3 years ago.
I have been to this restaurant before.
We use the Present Perfect because the result is more important than the time when it happened. We even used the word “before“. We can use words like this in the Present Perfect. “Before” does not describe the exact time when this happened.
Past Simple. Example and rule.
Difference # 4
Has the action that started in the past ended? Or is it still going on? Will the action continue?
We use the Past Simple when we talk about actions that started in the past and ended in the past. We use the Present Perfect when we want to emphasize that an action began in the past, but it is not over yet.
I have studied history for three years now.
We used the Present Perfect because the action we are talking about is not over yet. Thus, this action has a connection with the moment of speaking.
I studied history for three years when I was a student.
We use the Past Simple because the action we are talking about started in the past and ended in the past.
I have lived in London since 1990.
We use the Present Perfect because the action has a connection with the present. The action is not over yet. Maybe the action will continue further.
I lived in London in 1990.
We use the Past Simple because the action ended in the past. The action does not continue now and will not continue after.
Past Simple. Example.
Difference # 5
We use Present Perfect when we talk about something that happened in a period that is not over yet. We use the Past Simple when we talk about an action that happened in a period that has already ended.
I read two articles in the morning. (It’s already lunchtime)
In this example, we are using the Past Simple, because it is no longer morning but lunch. Therefore, the period we are talking about has already ended. Therefore, we are using the Past Simple.
I have read two articles in the morning. (The morning is still going on)
In this example, we are using Present Perfect because the morning is not over yet. Therefore, we report what happened in an unfinished period. Therefore, we are using Present Perfect.
Difference between Past Simple and Present Perfect.
Let’s take a look at some more examples:
I’ve worked hard this week. (This week is still going on)
We use the Present Perfect because this week is not over yet. This week is still going on.
I worked hard last week.
We are using the Past Simple because we are talking about last week. Last week is already over.
John has lived a long life and he still works!
We are using the Present Perfect because we are talking about an unfinished period. John is still alive and his life is still going on.
Abraham Lincoln had a very interesting life.
We use the Past Simple because Abraham Lincoln died long ago. The time when Lincoln lived is over.
An example of Past Simple.
Difference # 6
We DO NOT use the Present Perfect when we indicate the exact time in the past. Therefore, if someone asks us when something happened, we respond using the Past Simple.
When did you read this book?
I read this book two weeks ago.
In this example, we do not report the FACT or RESULT of what happened, we report the TIME when it happened.
The time is more important than the fact because we are asked about the TIME when the action took place.
An example of the usage of Past Simple.
Difference # 7
Are we talking about events of the recent past?
We use the Present Perfect when we talk about events of the recent past. We often emphasize that an event happened recently using words such as: recently, lately, not so long ago … We use these words to show a connection with the present.
I have been very tired lately.
We use the Present Perfect to emphasize that this action happened recently. This is an unfinished period. Therefore, we use the Present Perfect.
I was very tired yesterday.
We use the Past Simple to emphasize the time. We focus on WHEN. Therefore, we use the Past Simple.
Difference # 8
We use the Present Perfect when we emphasize the fact that an action takes place the first time, the second time, the third time, etc.
I have come to this city for the first time!
We don’t focus on when the action happened. We just report that this was the first time.
In 1988 I came to this city for the first time.
In this case, we use the Past Simple. We describe when the action occurred. We focus on the time when it happened, and not on the fact that it happened the first time.
Using the Present Perfect, we emphasize how many times an action has occurred:
John has visited me twice already.
She has yelled at me for the third time today!
In these examples, we are describing an unfinished period.
Additional Tips to Understand the Difference between Present Perfect and Past Simple
The Verb To Have
The verb to have is not just an auxiliary verb. The verb to have is an important part of the Present Perfect, this verb shows the essence of this tense.
I have read a book.
In this example, the verb to have indicates that we have the book read. This is the connection between the action “read” and the moment of speaking “I have“.
The words Just, Already, Yet
When we use the Present Perfect we often use words like Just, Already, Yet. Because these words show that an action ended or didn’t end before the moment of speaking.
We use the Past Simple when we say exactly when an action happened. Because the exact time shows that the action happened and ended at some point in the past.
Present Perfect:
I have already watched this movie.
I have just watched this movie.
I have not watched this movie yet.
Past Simple:
I watched this movie in 1998.
I watched this movie three days ago.
Examples of Past Simple with the exact time.
Remember, the best way to learn the difference between Present Perfect and Past Simple is not learning the rules, but an everyday practice.
You can also read the full article on Present Perfect and Past Simple.
Present Perfect vs Past Simple : English Language
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Past Simple
Simple Past
Present Perfect
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Present Perfect or Past Perfect?
http://www.engvid.com \”I have eaten.\” \”I had eaten.\” What’s the difference, and when do use each form? In this important grammar lesson, learn how to distinguish between past perfect and present perfect. You’ll learn the correct form of each tense, and when each should be used. Then take the quiz at http://www.engvid.com/presentperfectorpastperfect/ .
Present Perfect and the Past Simple | English Conversation about Experiences
Learn past simple irregular and regular verbs and present perfect in a natural English conversation about travel and life experiences. Get the listening transcripts and ESL lesson activities here: https://bit.ly/3ooKSeI
Get the lesson transcripts and lesson plan here: https://bit.ly/3ooKSeI
Learn grammar Present Perfect: https://youtu.be/fXN8hY0WwGg
Learn grammar Past Simple Irregular: https://youtu.be/NYDkHBomOU8
Learn grammar Past Simple Regular: https://youtu.be/O2nqdDSy9nk
Practice more past simple:
Talking about the Past | Telling a Story: https://youtu.be/WjK_VkUt9SY
Talking about Travel: https://youtu.be/QPmbkFY_mE
Talking about a Past Trip: https://youtu.be/mngiqrT44Pk
How to describe a Car Accident: https://youtu.be/A0aOFQBLPuU
Recalling Past Events: https://youtu.be/Ku8DQioEId0
A fun and effective resource to learn English in context. A great way to learn vocabulary and expressions to talk about food likes and dislikes. Full transcripts, vocabulary flashcards, quizzes, and lots more when you sign up at: www.pocketpassport.com
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Present Perfect and Past Simple: The Grammar Gameshow Episode 29
Welcome to the Grammar Gameshow! Test your knowledge in this crazy quiz! The presenter is a bit strange, the points don’t make sense and the prizes could use some improvement, but at least the grammar is correct!
It’s that time again! Another episode of your favourite grammarbased quiz show! Who will our two new contestants be? Whoever they are, they’ll have to face that trickiest of all grammar differences: The present perfect and past simple tenses! When do you use which and why are they so confusing? Who are these two ladies dressed in white? Why do they make the hair on Leslie’s neck stand up? Why does Will feel so uncomfortable? Is it the grammar? Find out all in this episode of the Grammar Gameshow!
For more information, a quiz and other episodes, visit:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/course/tgg/unit1/session30
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