indirect question คือ: คุณกำลังดูกระทู้
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Indirect Questions
(Download this explanation in PDF here.)
Have a look at this conversation.
Me: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the nearest station is?
Person in the street: Certainly. It’s along that road on the right.
Me: Thank you. And do you know if there’s a supermarket near here?
Person in the street: Yes, there’s one next to the station.
Me: Thank you very much for your help.
I use indirect questions when I’m asking for help in the street, because they are very polite. Indirect questions start with a phrase like ‘could you tell me…’ or ‘do you know…’. For example:
Direct question: Where is the bank?
Indirect question: Could you tell me where the bank is?
Notice that in the indirect question I put the verb (‘is’) after the subject (‘the bank’), in the same way as I do with a normal positive sentence (‘the bank is over there’), but in the direct question I put the verb ‘is’ before the subject ‘the bank’. This is called inversion, and it is used to make direct questions in many verb tenses in English, but we don’t use inversion in indirect questions. This is very similar to the grammar of reported questions. However, we use indirect questions in a different way from reported questions. Indirect questions are a way of being polite. They are very, very common in English, especially when you’re talking to someone you don’t know.
‘Yes / No’ Questions
To make an indirect ‘yes / no’ question, we use ‘if’ and the word order of a normal positive sentence. This is the same as for reported ‘yes / no’ questions. On the other hand, we don’t usually need to ‘backshift’ (change the tense of the verb) as we do with reported questions.
Of course, most tenses make questions by using ‘inversion’ (changing the word order). To change from a direct ‘yes / no’ question with inversion to an indirect question, you add ‘if’ and change the word order back to a normal positive sentence. You don’t need to use inversion.
‘Yes / no’ questions for tenses with inversion:
Verb TenseDirect QuestionIndirect Question
Present simple with ‘be’Is he Spanish?Can you tell me if he is Spanish?
Present continuousIs the restaurant closing now?Can you tell me if the restaurant is closing now?
Past simple with ‘be’Was he late for the meeting?Can you tell me if he was late for the meeting?
Past continuousWere you watching TV at 3pm?Can you tell me if you were watching TV at 3pm?
Present perfectHas Lucy been to Mexico?Can you tell me if Lucy has been to Mexico?
Present perfect continuousHas she been living here long?Can you tell me if she has been living here long?
Past perfectHad she found this job when she moved here?Can you tell me if she had found this job when she moved here?
Past perfect continuousHad she been living here long when she met you?Can you tell me if she had been living here long when she met you?
Future simple with ‘will’Will she start her new job next week?Can you tell me if she will start her new job next week?
Future simple with ‘going to’Is it going to rain later?Can you tell me if it is going to rain later?
Future continuousWill Lisa be meeting the boss later?Can you tell me if Lisa will be meeting the boss later?
Future perfectWill he have finished the report by tonight?Can you tell me if he will have finished the report by tonight?
Future perfect continuousWill he have been studying French for twenty years when he retires?Can you tell me if he will have been studying French for twenty years when he retires?
Modal verbsShould we start now?Can you tell me if we should start now?
‘Yes / no’ questions with tenses that use ‘do / does / did’:
Sometimes you want to make an indirect question using the present simple of any verb except ‘be’ or the past simple of any verb except ‘be’. These tense make direct questions by using ‘do / does / did’. When we want to make indirect ‘yes / no’ questions using these tenses, we need ‘if’ and we don’t need ‘do / does / did’.
Verb TenseDirect QuestionIndirect Question
Present simple with any verb except ‘be’Does David live in London?Can you tell me if David lives in London?
Past simple with any verb except ‘be’Did Amanda call John yesterday?Can you tell me if Amanda called John yesterday?
‘Wh’ Questions
In the same way as with reported ‘wh’ questions, we use the question word and the word order of a normal positive sentence to make indirect ‘wh’ questions. We don’t need to use inversion. Again, we also don’t usually need to ‘backshift’ (change the tense of the verb) as we do with reported questions.
To change a direct question to an indirect question for tenses that make questions using inversion, you just add ‘if’ and change the word order back to a normal positive sentence.
‘Wh’ questions for tenses with inversion:
Verb TenseDirect QuestionIndirect Question
Present simple with ‘be’Why is he unhappy?Can you tell me why he is unhappy?
Present continuousWhen is the restaurant closing?Can you tell me when the restaurant is closing?
Past simple with ‘be’Why was he late for the meeting?Can you tell me why he was late for the meeting?
Past continuousWhat were you doing at 3pm?Can you tell me what you were doing at 3pm?
Present perfectWhere has Lucy been?Can you tell me where Lucy has been?
Present perfect continuousHow long has she been living here?Can you tell me how long she has been living here?
Past perfectWhy had she quit her job before she moved here?Can you tell me why she had quit her job before she moved here?
Past perfect continuousHow long had she been living here when she met you?Can you tell me how long she had been living here when she met you?
Future simple with ‘will’When will she start her new job?Can you tell me when she will start her new job?
Future simple with ‘going to’When is it going to rain?Can you tell me when it is going to rain?
Future continuousWhat time will Lisa be meeting the boss?Can you tell me what time Lisa will be meeting the boss?
Future perfectWhen will he have finished the report?Can you tell me when he will have finished the report?
Future perfect continuousHow long will he have been studying French when he retires?Can you tell me how long he will have been studying French when he retires?
Modal verbsWhat should we do now?Can you tell me what we should do now?
‘Wh’ questions for tenses with ‘do / does / did’:
Sometimes you want to make an indirect ‘wh’ question using the present simple of any verb except ‘be’ or the past simple of any verb except ‘be’. Usually these tenses make questions by using ‘do / does / did’. However, when we want to make indirect ‘wh’ questions using these tenses, we don’t need ‘do / does / did’. Instead, we use a question word and then normal positive sentence word order.
Verb TenseDirect QuestionIndirect Question
Present simple with any verb except ‘be’Where does David live?Can you tell me where David lives?
Past simple with any verb except ‘be’Why did Amanda call John yesterday?Can you tell me why Amanda called John yesterday?
Common Problems
It can be difficult to remember to put the verb after the subject, especially when the indirect question is in the present simple tense of ‘be’. For example, we need to say:
Could you tell me where the station is?
NOT:
Could you tell me where is the station?
Try Indirect Questions Exercise 1 (with the present simple tense)here.
Try Indirect Questions Exercise 2 (with the past simple tense) here.
Try Indirect Questions Exercise 3 (with modal verbs) here.
Have a look at this conversation.Excuse me. Could you tell me where the nearest station is?Certainly. It’s along that road on the right.Thank you. And do you know if there’s a supermarket near here?Yes, there’s one next to the station.Thank you very much for your help.I use indirect questions when I’m asking for help in the street, because they are very polite. Indirect questions start with a phrase like ‘could you tell me…’ or ‘do you know…’. For example:Notice that in the indirect question I put the verb (‘is’) after the subject (‘the bank’), in the same way as I do with a normal positive sentence (‘the bank is over there’), but in the direct question I put the verb ‘is’ before the subject ‘the bank’. This is called inversion, and it is used to make direct questions in many verb tenses in English, but we don’t use inversion in indirect questions. This is very similar to the grammar of reported questions. However, we use indirect questions in a different way from reported questions. Indirect questions are a way of being polite. They are very, very common in English, especially when you’re talking to someone you don’t know.To make an indirect ‘yes / no’ question, we use ‘if’ and the word order of a normal positive sentence. This is the same as for reported ‘yes / no’ questions. On the other hand, we don’t usually need to ‘backshift’ (change the tense of the verb) as we do with reported questions.Of course, most tenses make questions by using ‘inversion’ (changing the word order). To change from a direct ‘yes / no’ question with inversion to an indirect question, you add ‘if’ and change the word order back to a normal positive sentence. You don’t need to use inversion.Sometimes you want to make an indirect question using the present simple of any verb except ‘be’ or the past simple of any verb except ‘be’. These tense make direct questions by using ‘do / does / did’. When we want to make indirect ‘yes / no’ questions using these tenses, we need ‘if’ and we don’t need ‘do / does / did’.In the same way as with reported ‘wh’ questions, we use the question word and the word order of a normal positive sentence to make indirect ‘wh’ questions. We don’t need to use inversion. Again, we also don’t usually need to ‘backshift’ (change the tense of the verb) as we do with reported questions.To change a direct question to an indirect question for tenses that make questions using inversion, you just add ‘if’ and change the word order back to a normal positive sentence.Sometimes you want to make an indirect ‘wh’ question using the present simple of any verb except ‘be’ or the past simple of any verb except ‘be’. Usually these tenses make questions by using ‘do / does / did’. However, when we want to make indirect ‘wh’ questions using these tenses, we don’t need ‘do / does / did’. Instead, we use a question word and then normal positive sentence word order.It can be difficult to remember to put the verb after the subject, especially when the indirect question is in the present simple tense of ‘be’. For example, we need to say:Could you tell me where the stationNOT:
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[Update] Indirect Questions | indirect question คือ – NATAVIGUIDES
Indirect Questions
(Download this explanation in PDF here.)
Have a look at this conversation.
Me: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the nearest station is?
Person in the street: Certainly. It’s along that road on the right.
Me: Thank you. And do you know if there’s a supermarket near here?
Person in the street: Yes, there’s one next to the station.
Me: Thank you very much for your help.
I use indirect questions when I’m asking for help in the street, because they are very polite. Indirect questions start with a phrase like ‘could you tell me…’ or ‘do you know…’. For example:
Direct question: Where is the bank?
Indirect question: Could you tell me where the bank is?
Notice that in the indirect question I put the verb (‘is’) after the subject (‘the bank’), in the same way as I do with a normal positive sentence (‘the bank is over there’), but in the direct question I put the verb ‘is’ before the subject ‘the bank’. This is called inversion, and it is used to make direct questions in many verb tenses in English, but we don’t use inversion in indirect questions. This is very similar to the grammar of reported questions. However, we use indirect questions in a different way from reported questions. Indirect questions are a way of being polite. They are very, very common in English, especially when you’re talking to someone you don’t know.
‘Yes / No’ Questions
To make an indirect ‘yes / no’ question, we use ‘if’ and the word order of a normal positive sentence. This is the same as for reported ‘yes / no’ questions. On the other hand, we don’t usually need to ‘backshift’ (change the tense of the verb) as we do with reported questions.
Of course, most tenses make questions by using ‘inversion’ (changing the word order). To change from a direct ‘yes / no’ question with inversion to an indirect question, you add ‘if’ and change the word order back to a normal positive sentence. You don’t need to use inversion.
‘Yes / no’ questions for tenses with inversion:
Verb TenseDirect QuestionIndirect Question
Present simple with ‘be’Is he Spanish?Can you tell me if he is Spanish?
Present continuousIs the restaurant closing now?Can you tell me if the restaurant is closing now?
Past simple with ‘be’Was he late for the meeting?Can you tell me if he was late for the meeting?
Past continuousWere you watching TV at 3pm?Can you tell me if you were watching TV at 3pm?
Present perfectHas Lucy been to Mexico?Can you tell me if Lucy has been to Mexico?
Present perfect continuousHas she been living here long?Can you tell me if she has been living here long?
Past perfectHad she found this job when she moved here?Can you tell me if she had found this job when she moved here?
Past perfect continuousHad she been living here long when she met you?Can you tell me if she had been living here long when she met you?
Future simple with ‘will’Will she start her new job next week?Can you tell me if she will start her new job next week?
Future simple with ‘going to’Is it going to rain later?Can you tell me if it is going to rain later?
Future continuousWill Lisa be meeting the boss later?Can you tell me if Lisa will be meeting the boss later?
Future perfectWill he have finished the report by tonight?Can you tell me if he will have finished the report by tonight?
Future perfect continuousWill he have been studying French for twenty years when he retires?Can you tell me if he will have been studying French for twenty years when he retires?
Modal verbsShould we start now?Can you tell me if we should start now?
‘Yes / no’ questions with tenses that use ‘do / does / did’:
Sometimes you want to make an indirect question using the present simple of any verb except ‘be’ or the past simple of any verb except ‘be’. These tense make direct questions by using ‘do / does / did’. When we want to make indirect ‘yes / no’ questions using these tenses, we need ‘if’ and we don’t need ‘do / does / did’.
Verb TenseDirect QuestionIndirect Question
Present simple with any verb except ‘be’Does David live in London?Can you tell me if David lives in London?
Past simple with any verb except ‘be’Did Amanda call John yesterday?Can you tell me if Amanda called John yesterday?
‘Wh’ Questions
In the same way as with reported ‘wh’ questions, we use the question word and the word order of a normal positive sentence to make indirect ‘wh’ questions. We don’t need to use inversion. Again, we also don’t usually need to ‘backshift’ (change the tense of the verb) as we do with reported questions.
To change a direct question to an indirect question for tenses that make questions using inversion, you just add ‘if’ and change the word order back to a normal positive sentence.
‘Wh’ questions for tenses with inversion:
Verb TenseDirect QuestionIndirect Question
Present simple with ‘be’Why is he unhappy?Can you tell me why he is unhappy?
Present continuousWhen is the restaurant closing?Can you tell me when the restaurant is closing?
Past simple with ‘be’Why was he late for the meeting?Can you tell me why he was late for the meeting?
Past continuousWhat were you doing at 3pm?Can you tell me what you were doing at 3pm?
Present perfectWhere has Lucy been?Can you tell me where Lucy has been?
Present perfect continuousHow long has she been living here?Can you tell me how long she has been living here?
Past perfectWhy had she quit her job before she moved here?Can you tell me why she had quit her job before she moved here?
Past perfect continuousHow long had she been living here when she met you?Can you tell me how long she had been living here when she met you?
Future simple with ‘will’When will she start her new job?Can you tell me when she will start her new job?
Future simple with ‘going to’When is it going to rain?Can you tell me when it is going to rain?
Future continuousWhat time will Lisa be meeting the boss?Can you tell me what time Lisa will be meeting the boss?
Future perfectWhen will he have finished the report?Can you tell me when he will have finished the report?
Future perfect continuousHow long will he have been studying French when he retires?Can you tell me how long he will have been studying French when he retires?
Modal verbsWhat should we do now?Can you tell me what we should do now?
‘Wh’ questions for tenses with ‘do / does / did’:
Sometimes you want to make an indirect ‘wh’ question using the present simple of any verb except ‘be’ or the past simple of any verb except ‘be’. Usually these tenses make questions by using ‘do / does / did’. However, when we want to make indirect ‘wh’ questions using these tenses, we don’t need ‘do / does / did’. Instead, we use a question word and then normal positive sentence word order.
Verb TenseDirect QuestionIndirect Question
Present simple with any verb except ‘be’Where does David live?Can you tell me where David lives?
Past simple with any verb except ‘be’Why did Amanda call John yesterday?Can you tell me why Amanda called John yesterday?
Common Problems
It can be difficult to remember to put the verb after the subject, especially when the indirect question is in the present simple tense of ‘be’. For example, we need to say:
Could you tell me where the station is?
NOT:
Could you tell me where is the station?
Try Indirect Questions Exercise 1 (with the present simple tense)here.
Try Indirect Questions Exercise 2 (with the past simple tense) here.
Try Indirect Questions Exercise 3 (with modal verbs) here.
Have a look at this conversation.Excuse me. Could you tell me where the nearest station is?Certainly. It’s along that road on the right.Thank you. And do you know if there’s a supermarket near here?Yes, there’s one next to the station.Thank you very much for your help.I use indirect questions when I’m asking for help in the street, because they are very polite. Indirect questions start with a phrase like ‘could you tell me…’ or ‘do you know…’. For example:Notice that in the indirect question I put the verb (‘is’) after the subject (‘the bank’), in the same way as I do with a normal positive sentence (‘the bank is over there’), but in the direct question I put the verb ‘is’ before the subject ‘the bank’. This is called inversion, and it is used to make direct questions in many verb tenses in English, but we don’t use inversion in indirect questions. This is very similar to the grammar of reported questions. However, we use indirect questions in a different way from reported questions. Indirect questions are a way of being polite. They are very, very common in English, especially when you’re talking to someone you don’t know.To make an indirect ‘yes / no’ question, we use ‘if’ and the word order of a normal positive sentence. This is the same as for reported ‘yes / no’ questions. On the other hand, we don’t usually need to ‘backshift’ (change the tense of the verb) as we do with reported questions.Of course, most tenses make questions by using ‘inversion’ (changing the word order). To change from a direct ‘yes / no’ question with inversion to an indirect question, you add ‘if’ and change the word order back to a normal positive sentence. You don’t need to use inversion.Sometimes you want to make an indirect question using the present simple of any verb except ‘be’ or the past simple of any verb except ‘be’. These tense make direct questions by using ‘do / does / did’. When we want to make indirect ‘yes / no’ questions using these tenses, we need ‘if’ and we don’t need ‘do / does / did’.In the same way as with reported ‘wh’ questions, we use the question word and the word order of a normal positive sentence to make indirect ‘wh’ questions. We don’t need to use inversion. Again, we also don’t usually need to ‘backshift’ (change the tense of the verb) as we do with reported questions.To change a direct question to an indirect question for tenses that make questions using inversion, you just add ‘if’ and change the word order back to a normal positive sentence.Sometimes you want to make an indirect ‘wh’ question using the present simple of any verb except ‘be’ or the past simple of any verb except ‘be’. Usually these tenses make questions by using ‘do / does / did’. However, when we want to make indirect ‘wh’ questions using these tenses, we don’t need ‘do / does / did’. Instead, we use a question word and then normal positive sentence word order.It can be difficult to remember to put the verb after the subject, especially when the indirect question is in the present simple tense of ‘be’. For example, we need to say:Could you tell me where the stationNOT:
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Direct and indirect questions in English
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Improving your memory – 6 Minute English
Improve your English vocabulary and speaking with 6 Minute English! Storing information is an important function of our brains and scientists are always looking at ways to improve it but also to stop it deteriorating.
Neil and Rob discuss ways of improving your memory and teach you new vocabulary that they hope you’ll remember later!
You’ll find the transcript and vocabulary on our website: http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/features/6minuteenglish/ep190131
𝐌𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝟔 𝐌𝐢𝐧𝐮𝐭𝐞 𝐄𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐡 𝐞𝐩𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐝𝐞𝐬:
Would you eat less meat to save the environment?
https://youtu.be/6R0Wy4kwxes
Are there benefits to schadenfreude?
https://youtu.be/A2lIdSnv1Vw
Is music getting faster?
https://youtu.be/zFpk5FsNndM
What makes you happy?
6 Minute English
𝐕𝐨𝐜𝐚𝐛𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐫𝐲
𝐦𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬
things we remember from the past
𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐜
learning by ‘doing’ and practising something over and over again
𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐱𝐭𝐮𝐚𝐥
seeing something in the situation where it usually exists
𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐨𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠
changing information into a form that can be stored and later recalled
𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐮𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐬𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐞
doing something based on feelings rather than facts or proof
𝐀𝐥𝐳𝐡𝐞𝐢𝐦𝐞𝐫’𝐬 (𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐞)
a disease affecting your brain that makes it difficult to remember things and gets worse as you get older
[Image: Getty Images]
BBCLearningEnglish 6MinuteEnglish LearnEnglish
Direct \u0026 Indirect Questions
indirect question M. 4
How to use Indirect Question วิธีการใช้ Indirect Question หนังสือ New World M.4
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ขอบคุณที่รับชมกระทู้ครับ indirect question คือ