[NEW] What Is a Determiner? | determiners คือ - NATAVIGUIDES - Top website provides knowledge that is constantly updated with the latest knowledge

determiners คือ: นี่คือโพสต์ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับหัวข้อนี้

Table of Contents

What Is a Determiner? (with Examples)

A determiner is a word placed in front of a noun to specify quantity (e.g., “one dog,” “many dogs”) or to clarify what the noun refers to (e.g., “my dog,” “that dog,” “the dog”). All determiners can be classified as one of the following:

An Article (, )
A Demonstrative (, , , )
A Possessive (, , , , , , )
A Quantifier (common examples include , , , , )

The different types of determiners are covered in far more detail below.

A determiner is a word placed in front of a noun to specify quantity (e.g., “dog,” “dogs”) or to clarify what the noun refers to (e.g., “dog,” “dog,” “dog”). All determiners can be classified as one of the following:The different types of determiners are covered in far more detail below. Got it? Take a quick test.

Got it? Take a quick test.

Click on Two Determiners

Getting ready…

A Video Summary

Here is an 8-minute video summarizing this lesson on determiners.

Articles (Type of Determiner)

The articles are the words “a,” “an,” and “the.” They define whether something is specific or unspecific. There are two types of article:

(1) The Definite Article (The)

“The” is called the

This is
the

lake.

(This is a previously specified lake, i.e., one already known to the readers.)

(2) The Indefinite Article (A, An)

“A” and “an” are called the

This is
a

lake.

(This is a previously unspecified lake.)

Examples of Articles

I’m not
a

troublemaker. I’m

the

troublemaker!

(This means “I’m not any old troublemaker. I’m the one you’ve all heard of.”)

To
the

uneducated,

an

A is just three sticks. (Author AA Milne)

(“The uneducated” is a specific group of people. “An A” means any letter A.)

The

poets are only

the

interpreters of

the

gods. (Philosopher Socrates)

(“The poets” and “the interpreters” are being identified. “The gods” are something known.)

Why Should I Care about Articles?

We’re great at choosing between “a/an” and “the,” so we don’t need to delve too deeply into the rules. That said though, we’re not so great at choosing between “a” and “an,” and using the wrong one is by far the most common mistake involving articles. There are four noteworthy issues related to articles.

(Issue 1) Using the wrong indefinite article.

Writers who dogmatically follow the rule that “an” precedes a sound, and “a” is used before a consonant sound. The word sound is important because consonants – typically in abbreviations – can create vowel sounds (e.g., , ), and vowels can create consonant sounds (e.g., , , , ).

Buy
a

house in

an

hour.

( and start with the same three letters, but attracts , and attracts . starts with a consonant sound. starts with a vowel sound.)

I had
a

unique opportunity to strike

an

unexpected blow.

Be mindful of the distinction between

An MoD official and a MAFF official visited an NBC facility of a NATO country.

(The and the of the initialisms (Ministry of Defence) and (Nuclear Biological and Chemical) are pronounced “en” and “em.” The and of the acronyms (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries) are pronounced “nuh” and “muh.”)

The words , , , , and are worthy of special mention. These words start with a consonant sound, as soft as it might be. If you’re drawn to “an historic” or “an horrific,” give your aitches more “huh” until you’re comfortable with using “a.”

The attraction of power can be a disease,
a

horrific disease. (Actor Liam Cunningham)

(Issue 2) Writing a job title or an office name with a capital letter.

A job title (e.g., , , ) or the name of office (, , ) is given a capital letter when it refers to a specific person or office, i.e., when it’s a ) appears before such a title or name, there’s a pretty good chance you’ll need a capital letter.

Here’s the guidance: If the job title or office name is being used for its dictionary definition, i.e., as a

The King was a king among kings.

( specifies an individual, but a and do not. The first one is a proper noun. The other two are common nouns.)

The Prime Minister said: “Being a prime minister is a lonely job…you cannot lead from the crowd.” (Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher)

( specifies an individual, but does not.)

(Issue 3) Capitalizing “” when it starts a name (e.g., ).

Some names (particularly band names) start with “The” (e.g., , , ). When such names appear in running text, you have a choice whether to write “The” (with a capital letter) or “the.” There’s no consensus among the leading style guides on this point, so go with your preference.

Did you download the The Clash album?

(Logically, this is correct, but it’s far too unwieldy. No one would write it. Most people would write “Did you download the Clash album?”.)

Bear in mind that you might stumble across this issue with foreign names.

Gina Vitale: The restaurant is called “The La Trattoria”.
Michael Felgate: “The La Trattoria” means The The Trattoria.
Gina Vitale: I know.

(This is an extract from the 1999 Hugh Grant film Mickey Blue Eyes. With more clarity of thought, the owner might have called the restaurant “La Trattoria.”)

Does it disturb anyone else that “The Los Angeles Angels” baseball team translates directly as “The The Angels Angels”? (Anon)

(There’s no fix for this one. Just go with it.)

Key Points

Use “an” before a vowel sound and “a” before a consonant sound.
When a job title (e.g., ) or an office name (e.g., finance office) is preceded by “an” or “a” (as opposed to ), write it with a lowercase letter.

Demonstratives (Type of Determiner)

The demonstrative determiners (known as , , , and . A demonstrative determiner defines where its noun or pronoun is in relation to the speaker.

and define close things (in terms of distance, psychological closeness or time). and define distant things.

Examples of Demonstrative Determiners

In these examples, the noun or pronoun being modified is in bold.

This

shark is pregnant.
That

one looks worried.
In
these

matters, the only certainty is nothing is certain. (Roman scientist Pliny the Elder)
I regret
those

times when I’ve chosen the dark side. I’ve wasted time being unhappy. (Actress Jessica Lange)

Why Should I Care about Demonstratives?

There are three noteworthy issues related to demonstrative determiners.

(Issue 1) Make sure it’s clear what your demonstrative determiner refers to.

When you use a demonstrative determiner, it’s worth doing a quick check to ensure it’s clear what your determiner refers to. Look at this example:

This

issue will be raised at the AGM.

(What ? If you can answer this question quickly because the answer is evident in the previous nearby text, then your determiner is safe.)

Knowing exactly what their determiners refer to, writers sometimes assume their readers do too. All too often though, readers don’t. If your determiner could feasibly refer back to more than one thing, you’ve created ambiguity.

The talk will cover America’s nationally determined contribution (NDC) and the impact of a US-China trade war.
This

issue will also be addressed in sidebar meetings. (ambiguous)

(Most readers would assume that refers to “US-China trade war” because it’s physically closer to than “NDC,” but it’s not entirely clear. It could feasibly refer to either or even both.)

If you spot possibly ambiguity, a good option is to avoid the possessive determiner and just spell it out. (“The trade war will also be addressed in sidebar meetings” might be an option.)

(Issue 2) Consider using a demonstrative determiner and a noun to replace an ambiguous demonstrative pronoun.

Demonstrative pronouns are just like demonstrative determiners except they stand alone and don’t modify nouns. Demonstrative pronouns are even more prone to being ambiguous than demonstrative determiners.

According to his Twitter feed, Professor Smith has been selected to lead a charity climb up Mount Everest. He will cease work on Monday to prepare. That surprised everybody. (ambiguous)

(It’s unclear what refers to. The ambiguity could be removed by using a demonstrative determiner and a noun, e.g., , , , . There are, of course, other options to kill the ambiguous , e.g., , .)

(Issue 3) Make sure your demonstrative determiner and its noun match in number.

and modify singular nouns. and modify plural nouns. This doesn’t usually cause an issue for native English speakers except with the words and .

These

kind of things.

(It should be .)

Those

type of issues.

(It should be .)

Key Points

If it’s unclear what your demonstrative determiner refers to, spell it out.

Possessives (Type of Determiner)

The possessive determiners (known as , , , , , , , and . A possessive determiner sits before a noun (or a pronoun) to show who or what owns it.

Examples of Possessive Determiners

In the examples below, the nouns being modified are in bold. The table also shows how each possessive determiner corresponds to a personal pronoun.

Personal PronounPossessive DeterminerExample
ImyI do not choose that

grave should be dug while I am still alive. (Queen Elizabeth I)
youyourIf you want peace, you don’t talk to

your

friends. You talk to

your

enemies. (South African cleric Desmond Tutu)
hehisIf a man could have half of

his

wishes, he would double

his

troubles. (Founding Father Benjamin Franklin)
sheherShe got

her

looks from

her

father. He’s a plastic surgeon. (Comedian Groucho Marx)
ititsWorry never robs tomorrow of

its

sorrow. It only saps today of

its

joy. (Author Leo Buscaglia)
weourHow we spend

our

days is how we spend

our

lives.
(Author Annie Dillard)
theytheirMen are like steel. When they lose

their

temper, they lose

their

worth. (Martial artist Chuck Norris)
whowhoseThe key is to keep company only with people

whose

presence calls forth your best. (Greek philosopher Epictetus)

Why Should I Care about Possessive Determiners?

There are two noteworthy points related to possessive determiners.

(Point 1) Use instead of .

In English, we don’t have a singular non-gender-specific possessive determiner that can be used for people. (We have , but you can’t use for people.)

Each owner is responsible for
its

dog.
( can’t be used with people.)

So, when your singular person could be male or female, you have two options:

(1) Use .

Each owner is responsible for
their

dog.

(Using to refer to a singular noun (here, ) is acceptable. This is the best option.)

(2) Use .

Each owner is responsible for
his/her

dog.

(This is acceptable, but it’s clumsy.)

There used to be a third option:

(3) Use with a caveat.

“Throughout this document means .”
[This used to be a common caveat at the front of documents.]

Each owner is responsible for
his

dog.

(Avoid this option. It’s outdated.)

(Point 2) Don’t confuse a possessive determiner with an identical-sounding contraction.

Grammar mistakes with possessive determiners are rare, but spelling mistakes with possessive determiners are common. Given how common these determiners are, misspelling them (particularly if you make a habit of it) will smash your credibility. There are four common spelling mistakes with possessive determiners, but fixing all four is easy because they’re all made the same way – by confusing the possessive determiner with an identical-sounding contraction.

The contraction is not a possessive. is a contraction of or . This is a 100% rule. If you can’t expand your to or , then it’s wrong.

A country can be judged by the quality of it’s proverbs.

To some extent, this mistake is understandable because apostrophes are used for possession (e.g., ). But has nothing to do with possession. No, really, it doesn’t.

The same is true for (a contraction of ), they’re (a contraction of ), and (a contraction of or ). Do not confuse these with , or , or .

Even if you fall on you’re face, you’re still moving forward.

(The first is wrong. The second is correct.)

Forgive your enemies, but never forget there names.
Never go to a doctor who’s office plants have died.

If you’ve used an apostrophe, test your apostrophe by expanding your word back into two words. If you can’t, the apostrophe version is wrong.

Key Points

Use to replace .
If you can’t expand your , , or to the two-word version, then it’s wrong.

Quantifiers (Type of Determiner)

Any determiner that refers, even loosely, to an amount or a quantity can be classified as a quantifier. So, numbers (, ) are quantifiers. Not all quantifiers are so specific though. Many refer to an undefined amount or quantity. The most common ones are , , , , and (these are called in traditional grammar).

Examples of Quantifiers

Many

people would sooner die than think. In fact, they do so. (Philosopher Bertrand Russell)
I bought
some

batteries, but they weren’t included. (Comedian Steven Wright)
Any

kid will run any errand for you, if you ask at bedtime. (Comedian Red Skelton)

Why Should I Care about Quantifiers?

Below are four commonly discussed issues related to quantifiers that precede nouns. There are more issues related to quantifiers that stand alone (called

(Issue 1) Use with plural nouns and with singular nouns.

and are quantifiers. While there are some quirks with is used with plural nouns while less is used with singular nouns.

A low voter turnout is an indication of
fewer

people going to the polls. (Politician Dan Quayle)
I prefer drawing to talking. Drawing is faster, and leaves less room for lies. (Swiss architect Le Corbusier)

A key point is that is not always a determiner, even if it precedes a noun.

The less men think, the more they talk. (Philosopher Montesquieu)

(As it is here, is commonly an adverb. When it’s an adverb, isn’t an option.)

(Issue 2) Save a word. Write “all the” not “all of the.”

If you’re unsure whether to use “all the” or “all of the” before a noun, use “all the” because it saves a word. If you can’t bear how it sounds without “of”, get over it.

You can fool all the people some of the time, and some of the people all the time, but you cannot fool all the people all the time. (US President Abraham Lincoln)

(There must have been a strong urge to use “all of the” because it would have chimed nicely with “some of the.” However, succinctness trumped rhythm. Good skills, Abe.)

It’s not the same deal with “all my” (or any possessive determiner) or “all of my.” Grammatically, both are sound, but often omitting “of” sounds too awkward. Follow in your instincts.

All my friends left me when I was 12. (Singer Taylor Swift)
All of my songs are autobiographical. (Taylor Swift)

(Both are fine. Taylor followed her instincts.)

(Issue 3) Spell out the numbers one to nine but use numerals for the numbers 10 and above…or don’t. It’s your choice.

Writers frequently ask whether they should write numbers as numerals (e.g., ) or spell them out (e.g., ). Well, it’s a matter of style. Those who write business or technical documents tend to use numerals far more liberally than those writing stories or verse. If you want a more definitive answer though, the most common convention is to spell out the numbers one to nine but to use numerals for 10 and above. (This is by no means a rule.)

Success is falling 9 times and getting up ten. (Singer Jon Bon Jovi)

(Point 4) When writing numbers in full, hyphenate all numbers between 21 and 99 (less those divisible by 10).

Regardless of where they appear within the whole number, all numbers between 21 and 99 (except 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90) should be hyphenated.

51 = fifty-one
234 = two hundred thirty-four

Oh, if you’re writing to an international audience, don’t use the word “and.”

3,567 = three thousand five hundred sixty-seven

(There’s no comma in the full version.)

25,223 = twenty five thousand two hundred twenty three

( and should be hyphenated.)

Brits, far more than Americans, are likely to include the word “and” when writing numbers in full. Try to avoid “and” though because it’s widely used to denote a decimal point. So, many would take “one hundred and one” as 100.1 (not 101) and “seven hundred and twenty-four” as 700.24 (not 724). (Interestingly, if you adopt the no-“and” rule and start spelling out all the numbers from 1 upwards, you’ll reach 1000 before you use the letter “a.”)

Read more about writing numbers in full.

Key Points

To drink fewer coffees, buy less coffee.
Write not .

All the Parts of Speech

Here is a video for beginners that summarizes all the parts of speech.

The articles are the words “a,” “an,” and “the.” They define whether something is specific or unspecific. There are two types of article:”The” is called the definite article . It defines its noun as something specific (e.g., something previously mentioned or known, something unique, something being identified by the speaker).”A” and “an” are called the indefinite articles . They define their noun as something unspecific (e.g., something generic, something mentioned for the first time).We’re great at choosing between “a/an” and “the,” so we don’t need to delve too deeply into the rules. That said though, we’re not so great at choosing between “a” and “an,” and using the wrong one is by far the most common mistake involving articles. There are four noteworthy issues related to articles.Writers who dogmatically follow the rule that “an” precedes a vowel and “a” precedes a consonant often use the wrong indefinite article. That rule is not entirely accurate. “An” is used before a vowel, and “a” is used before a consonant. The wordis important because consonants – typically in abbreviations – can create vowel sounds (e.g.,), and vowels can create consonant sounds (e.g.,).Be mindful of the distinction between initialism abbreviations (spoken as individual letters) and acronyms (spoken as words):The words, andare worthy of special mention. These words start with a consonant sound, as soft as it might be. If you’re drawn to “an historic” or “an horrific,” give your aitches more “huh” until you’re comfortable with using “a.”A job title (e.g.,) or the name of office () is given a capital letter when it refers to a specific person or office, i.e., when it’s a proper noun . So, when the definite article (i.e.,) appears before such a title or name, there’s a pretty good chance you’ll need a capital letter.Here’s the guidance: If the job title or office name is being used for its dictionary definition, i.e., as a common noun , then don’t use a capital letter. However, if the job title or office name nails it down to one specific person or office, then use a capital letter.Some names (particularly band names) start with “The” (e.g.,). When such names appear in running text, you have a choice whether to write “The” (with a capital letter) or “the.” There’s no consensus among the leading style guides on this point, so go with your preference.Bear in mind that you might stumble across this issue with foreign names.The demonstrative determiners (known as demonstrative adjectives in traditional grammar) are, and. A demonstrative determiner defines where its noun or pronoun is in relation to the speaker.anddefine close things (in terms of distance, psychological closeness or time).anddefine distant things.In these examples, the noun or pronoun being modified is in bold.There are three noteworthy issues related to demonstrative determiners.When you use a demonstrative determiner, it’s worth doing a quick check to ensure it’s clear what your determiner refers to. Look at this example:Knowing exactly what their determiners refer to, writers sometimes assume their readers do too. All too often though, readers don’t. If your determiner could feasibly refer back to more than one thing, you’ve created ambiguity.If you spot possibly ambiguity, a good option is to avoid the possessive determiner and just spell it out. (“The trade war will also be addressed in sidebar meetings” might be an option.)Demonstrative pronouns are just like demonstrative determiners except they stand alone and don’t modify nouns. Demonstrative pronouns are even more prone to being ambiguous than demonstrative determiners.andmodify singular nouns.andmodify plural nouns. This doesn’t usually cause an issue for native English speakers except with the wordsandThe possessive determiners (known as possessive adjectives in traditional grammar) are, and. A possessive determiner sits before a noun (or a pronoun) to show who or what owns it.In the examples below, the nouns being modified are in bold. The table also shows how each possessive determiner corresponds to a personal pronoun.There are two noteworthy points related to possessive determiners.In English, we don’t have a singular non-gender-specific possessive determiner that can be used for people. (We have, but you can’t usefor people.)So, when your singular person could be male or female, you have two options:There used to be a third option:”Throughout this documentmeans.”[This used to be a common caveat at the front of documents.]Grammar mistakes with possessive determiners are rare, butmistakes with possessive determiners are common. Given how common these determiners are, misspelling them (particularly if you make a habit of it) will smash your credibility. There are four common spelling mistakes with possessive determiners, but fixing all four is easy because they’re all made the same way – by confusing the possessive determiner with an identical-sounding contraction.The contractionis not a possessive.is a contraction ofor. This is a 100% rule. If you can’t expand yourtoor, then it’s wrong.To some extent, this mistake is understandable because apostrophes are used for possession (e.g.,). Buthas nothing to do with possession. No, really, it doesn’t.The same is true for(a contraction of), they’re (a contraction of), and(a contraction ofor). Do not confuse these withor, orIf you’ve used an apostrophe, test your apostrophe by expanding your word back into two words. If you can’t, the apostrophe version is wrong.Any determiner that refers, even loosely, to an amount or a quantity can be classified as a quantifier. So, numbers () are quantifiers. Not all quantifiers are so specific though. Many refer to an undefined amount or quantity. The most common ones areand(these are calledin traditional grammar).Below are four commonly discussed issues related to quantifiers that precede nouns. There are more issues related to quantifiers that stand alone (called indefinite pronouns in traditional grammar).andare quantifiers. While there are some quirks with less and fewer , the general ruling is thatis used with plural nouns while less is used with singular nouns.A key point is thatis not always a determiner, even if it precedes a noun.If you’re unsure whether to use “all the” or “all of the” before a noun, use “all the” because it saves a word. If you can’t bear how it sounds without “of”, get over it.It’s not the same deal with “all my” (or any possessive determiner) or “all of my.” Grammatically, both are sound, but often omitting “of” sounds too awkward. Follow in your instincts.Writers frequently ask whether they should write numbers as numerals (e.g.,) or spell them out (e.g.,). Well, it’s a matter of style. Those who write business or technical documents tend to use numerals far more liberally than those writing stories or verse. If you want a more definitive answer though, the most common convention is to spell out the numbers one to nine but to use numerals for 10 and above. (This is by no means a rule.)Regardless of where they appear within the whole number, all numbers between 21 and 99 (except 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90) should be hyphenated.Oh, if you’re writing to an international audience, don’t use the word “and.”Brits, far more than Americans, are likely to include the word “and” when writing numbers in full. Try to avoid “and” though because it’s widely used to denote a decimal point. So, many would take “one hundredone” as 100.1 (not 101) and “seven hundredtwenty-four” as 700.24 (not 724). (Interestingly, if you adopt the no-“and” rule and start spelling out all the numbers from 1 upwards, you’ll reach 1000 before you use the letter “a.”)Here is a video for beginners that summarizes

More about Determiners

(Big Difference 1) Unlike a normal adjective, a determiner cannot have a comparative form.

Normal AdjectiveComparative Form
Happy ottersHappier otters

DeterminerComparative Form

Those

ottersThere are no comparative forms of determiners.

(Big Difference 2) Unlike a normal adjective, a determiner often cannot be removed from the sentence.

A sentence with adjectives and determinersAdjectives RemovedDeterminers Removed

The

hungry herons visited

our

fishing lake.

The

herons visited

our

lake.Hungry herons visited fishing lake. (It doesn’t work.)

(Big Difference 3) Unlike a normal adjective, a determiner can have an antecedent (i.e., something it refers back to).

The

hungry herons visited

our

fishing lake.

(Often a determiner refers back to something previously mentioned. In this example, tells us we’re talking about herons that we’ve already discussed. Similarly, refers back to some people. Normal adjectives (e.g., and ) don’t refer back to things; i.e., they don’t have antecedents.)

Why Should I Care about Determiners?

We’ve covered the issues with determiners as we looked at each type. Those aside, it will be worth learning about determiners if you have young children because determiners feature in the primary-school grammar curriculum. Your child is likely to get questions like these:

Ready for the Test?

Here is a confirmatory test for this lesson.

This test can also be:

Edited (i.e., you can delete questions and play with the order of the questions).
Printed to create a handout.
Sent electronically to friends or students.

Here is afor this lesson.This test can also be:

The grammar world is divided on whether determiners are classified as adjectives. In traditional grammar, determiners are classified as adjectives, but many contemporary grammarians insist that determiners aren’t adjectives. This situation is unhelpful because terms like “possessive adjective” are still commonly used, particularly on foreign-language courses. Anyway, whatever side of that debate you’re on, this much is true: there are some big differences between normal adjectives and determiners.We’ve covered the issues with determiners as we looked at each type. Those aside, it will be worth learning about determiners if you have young children because determiners feature in the primary-school grammar curriculum. Your child is likely to get questions like these:

Try our determiners drag-and-drop test.

[NEW] What Is a Determiner? | determiners คือ – NATAVIGUIDES

What Is a Determiner? (with Examples)

An Article (, )
A Demonstrative (, , , )
A Possessive (, , , , , , )
A Quantifier (common examples include , , , , )

The different types of determiners are covered in far more detail below.

Got it? Take a quick test.

Click on Two Determiners

Getting ready…

A Video Summary

Here is an 8-minute video summarizing this lesson on determiners.

Articles (Type of Determiner)

The articles are the words “a,” “an,” and “the.” They define whether something is specific or unspecific. There are two types of article:

(1) The Definite Article (The)

“The” is called the

This is
the

lake.

(This is a previously specified lake, i.e., one already known to the readers.)

(2) The Indefinite Article (A, An)

“A” and “an” are called the

This is
a

lake.

(This is a previously unspecified lake.)

Examples of Articles

I’m not
a

troublemaker. I’m

the

troublemaker!

(This means “I’m not any old troublemaker. I’m the one you’ve all heard of.”)

To
the

uneducated,

an

A is just three sticks. (Author AA Milne)

(“The uneducated” is a specific group of people. “An A” means any letter A.)

The

poets are only

the

interpreters of

the

gods. (Philosopher Socrates)

(“The poets” and “the interpreters” are being identified. “The gods” are something known.)

Why Should I Care about Articles?

(Issue 1) Using the wrong indefinite article.

Buy
a

house in

an

hour.

( and start with the same three letters, but attracts , and attracts . starts with a consonant sound. starts with a vowel sound.)

I had
a

unique opportunity to strike

an

unexpected blow.

Be mindful of the distinction between

An MoD official and a MAFF official visited an NBC facility of a NATO country.

The attraction of power can be a disease,
a

horrific disease. (Actor Liam Cunningham)

(Issue 2) Writing a job title or an office name with a capital letter.

Here’s the guidance: If the job title or office name is being used for its dictionary definition, i.e., as a

The King was a king among kings.

( specifies an individual, but a and do not. The first one is a proper noun. The other two are common nouns.)

The Prime Minister said: “Being a prime minister is a lonely job…you cannot lead from the crowd.” (Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher)

( specifies an individual, but does not.)

(Issue 3) Capitalizing “” when it starts a name (e.g., ).

Did you download the The Clash album?

(Logically, this is correct, but it’s far too unwieldy. No one would write it. Most people would write “Did you download the Clash album?”.)

Bear in mind that you might stumble across this issue with foreign names.

Gina Vitale: The restaurant is called “The La Trattoria”.
Michael Felgate: “The La Trattoria” means The The Trattoria.
Gina Vitale: I know.

(This is an extract from the 1999 Hugh Grant film Mickey Blue Eyes. With more clarity of thought, the owner might have called the restaurant “La Trattoria.”)

Does it disturb anyone else that “The Los Angeles Angels” baseball team translates directly as “The The Angels Angels”? (Anon)

(There’s no fix for this one. Just go with it.)

Key Points

Use “an” before a vowel sound and “a” before a consonant sound.
When a job title (e.g., ) or an office name (e.g., finance office) is preceded by “an” or “a” (as opposed to ), write it with a lowercase letter.

Demonstratives (Type of Determiner)

The demonstrative determiners (known as , , , and . A demonstrative determiner defines where its noun or pronoun is in relation to the speaker.

and define close things (in terms of distance, psychological closeness or time). and define distant things.

Examples of Demonstrative Determiners

In these examples, the noun or pronoun being modified is in bold.

This

shark is pregnant.
That

one looks worried.
In
these

matters, the only certainty is nothing is certain. (Roman scientist Pliny the Elder)
I regret
those

times when I’ve chosen the dark side. I’ve wasted time being unhappy. (Actress Jessica Lange)

Why Should I Care about Demonstratives?

There are three noteworthy issues related to demonstrative determiners.

(Issue 1) Make sure it’s clear what your demonstrative determiner refers to.

When you use a demonstrative determiner, it’s worth doing a quick check to ensure it’s clear what your determiner refers to. Look at this example:

This

issue will be raised at the AGM.

(What ? If you can answer this question quickly because the answer is evident in the previous nearby text, then your determiner is safe.)

The talk will cover America’s nationally determined contribution (NDC) and the impact of a US-China trade war.
This

issue will also be addressed in sidebar meetings. (ambiguous)

(Most readers would assume that refers to “US-China trade war” because it’s physically closer to than “NDC,” but it’s not entirely clear. It could feasibly refer to either or even both.)

If you spot possibly ambiguity, a good option is to avoid the possessive determiner and just spell it out. (“The trade war will also be addressed in sidebar meetings” might be an option.)

(Issue 2) Consider using a demonstrative determiner and a noun to replace an ambiguous demonstrative pronoun.

According to his Twitter feed, Professor Smith has been selected to lead a charity climb up Mount Everest. He will cease work on Monday to prepare. That surprised everybody. (ambiguous)

(It’s unclear what refers to. The ambiguity could be removed by using a demonstrative determiner and a noun, e.g., , , , . There are, of course, other options to kill the ambiguous , e.g., , .)

(Issue 3) Make sure your demonstrative determiner and its noun match in number.

and modify singular nouns. and modify plural nouns. This doesn’t usually cause an issue for native English speakers except with the words and .

These

kind of things.

(It should be .)

Those

type of issues.

(It should be .)

Key Points

If it’s unclear what your demonstrative determiner refers to, spell it out.

Possessives (Type of Determiner)

The possessive determiners (known as , , , , , , , and . A possessive determiner sits before a noun (or a pronoun) to show who or what owns it.

Examples of Possessive Determiners

In the examples below, the nouns being modified are in bold. The table also shows how each possessive determiner corresponds to a personal pronoun.

Personal PronounPossessive DeterminerExample
ImyI do not choose that

grave should be dug while I am still alive. (Queen Elizabeth I)
youyourIf you want peace, you don’t talk to

your

friends. You talk to

your

enemies. (South African cleric Desmond Tutu)
hehisIf a man could have half of

his

wishes, he would double

his

troubles. (Founding Father Benjamin Franklin)
sheherShe got

her

looks from

her

father. He’s a plastic surgeon. (Comedian Groucho Marx)
ititsWorry never robs tomorrow of

its

sorrow. It only saps today of

its

joy. (Author Leo Buscaglia)
weourHow we spend

our

days is how we spend

our

lives.
(Author Annie Dillard)
theytheirMen are like steel. When they lose

their

temper, they lose

their

worth. (Martial artist Chuck Norris)
whowhoseThe key is to keep company only with people

whose

presence calls forth your best. (Greek philosopher Epictetus)

Why Should I Care about Possessive Determiners?

There are two noteworthy points related to possessive determiners.

(Point 1) Use instead of .

In English, we don’t have a singular non-gender-specific possessive determiner that can be used for people. (We have , but you can’t use for people.)

Each owner is responsible for
its

dog.
( can’t be used with people.)

So, when your singular person could be male or female, you have two options:

(1) Use .

Each owner is responsible for
their

dog.

(Using to refer to a singular noun (here, ) is acceptable. This is the best option.)

(2) Use .

Each owner is responsible for
his/her

dog.

(This is acceptable, but it’s clumsy.)

There used to be a third option:

(3) Use with a caveat.

“Throughout this document means .”
[This used to be a common caveat at the front of documents.]

Each owner is responsible for
his

dog.

(Avoid this option. It’s outdated.)

(Point 2) Don’t confuse a possessive determiner with an identical-sounding contraction.

The contraction is not a possessive. is a contraction of or . This is a 100% rule. If you can’t expand your to or , then it’s wrong.

A country can be judged by the quality of it’s proverbs.

To some extent, this mistake is understandable because apostrophes are used for possession (e.g., ). But has nothing to do with possession. No, really, it doesn’t.

The same is true for (a contraction of ), they’re (a contraction of ), and (a contraction of or ). Do not confuse these with , or , or .

Even if you fall on you’re face, you’re still moving forward.

(The first is wrong. The second is correct.)

Forgive your enemies, but never forget there names.
Never go to a doctor who’s office plants have died.

If you’ve used an apostrophe, test your apostrophe by expanding your word back into two words. If you can’t, the apostrophe version is wrong.

Key Points

Use to replace .
If you can’t expand your , , or to the two-word version, then it’s wrong.

Quantifiers (Type of Determiner)

Examples of Quantifiers

Many

people would sooner die than think. In fact, they do so. (Philosopher Bertrand Russell)
I bought
some

batteries, but they weren’t included. (Comedian Steven Wright)
Any

kid will run any errand for you, if you ask at bedtime. (Comedian Red Skelton)

Why Should I Care about Quantifiers?

Below are four commonly discussed issues related to quantifiers that precede nouns. There are more issues related to quantifiers that stand alone (called

(Issue 1) Use with plural nouns and with singular nouns.

and are quantifiers. While there are some quirks with is used with plural nouns while less is used with singular nouns.

A low voter turnout is an indication of
fewer

people going to the polls. (Politician Dan Quayle)
I prefer drawing to talking. Drawing is faster, and leaves less room for lies. (Swiss architect Le Corbusier)

A key point is that is not always a determiner, even if it precedes a noun.

The less men think, the more they talk. (Philosopher Montesquieu)

(As it is here, is commonly an adverb. When it’s an adverb, isn’t an option.)

(Issue 2) Save a word. Write “all the” not “all of the.”

If you’re unsure whether to use “all the” or “all of the” before a noun, use “all the” because it saves a word. If you can’t bear how it sounds without “of”, get over it.

You can fool all the people some of the time, and some of the people all the time, but you cannot fool all the people all the time. (US President Abraham Lincoln)

(There must have been a strong urge to use “all of the” because it would have chimed nicely with “some of the.” However, succinctness trumped rhythm. Good skills, Abe.)

It’s not the same deal with “all my” (or any possessive determiner) or “all of my.” Grammatically, both are sound, but often omitting “of” sounds too awkward. Follow in your instincts.

All my friends left me when I was 12. (Singer Taylor Swift)
All of my songs are autobiographical. (Taylor Swift)

(Both are fine. Taylor followed her instincts.)

(Issue 3) Spell out the numbers one to nine but use numerals for the numbers 10 and above…or don’t. It’s your choice.

Success is falling 9 times and getting up ten. (Singer Jon Bon Jovi)

(Point 4) When writing numbers in full, hyphenate all numbers between 21 and 99 (less those divisible by 10).

Regardless of where they appear within the whole number, all numbers between 21 and 99 (except 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90) should be hyphenated.

51 = fifty-one
234 = two hundred thirty-four

Oh, if you’re writing to an international audience, don’t use the word “and.”

3,567 = three thousand five hundred sixty-seven

(There’s no comma in the full version.)

25,223 = twenty five thousand two hundred twenty three

( and should be hyphenated.)

Read more about writing numbers in full.

Key Points

To drink fewer coffees, buy less coffee.
Write not .

All the Parts of Speech

Here is a video for beginners that summarizes all the parts of speech.

More about Determiners

(Big Difference 1) Unlike a normal adjective, a determiner cannot have a comparative form.

Normal AdjectiveComparative Form
Happy ottersHappier otters

DeterminerComparative Form

Those

ottersThere are no comparative forms of determiners.

(Big Difference 2) Unlike a normal adjective, a determiner often cannot be removed from the sentence.

A sentence with adjectives and determinersAdjectives RemovedDeterminers Removed

The

hungry herons visited

our

fishing lake.

The

herons visited

our

lake.Hungry herons visited fishing lake. (It doesn’t work.)

(Big Difference 3) Unlike a normal adjective, a determiner can have an antecedent (i.e., something it refers back to).

The

hungry herons visited

our

fishing lake.

Why Should I Care about Determiners?

Ready for the Test?

Here is a confirmatory test for this lesson.

This test can also be:

Edited (i.e., you can delete questions and play with the order of the questions).
Printed to create a handout.
Sent electronically to friends or students.

Here is afor this lesson.This test can also be:

Try our determiners drag-and-drop test.

Polyglots Talking To Each Other @Ruri Ohama

Two Polyglots Speaking Five Languages in a video is a fun and entertaining thing! My half Japanese and half Turkish friend Ruri joined me in todays video. It was interesting to talk to someone who grew up with two different native languages because most of you know I also grew up with multiple languages. I used to speak German mainly but to my parents and grandparents I spoke Turkish. Besides Japanese and Turkish, Ruri also speaks German. In addition to that, I speak Spanish as well. And the both of us also speak English. So, that’s 2 polyglots speaking 5 languages. Enjoy!
For the video on Ruri’s channel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sTWUTguZq4
Ruri’s channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKtiMrNZq0gGbPTnsMu7Bsw
If you want to learn Turkish and understand the Turkish language and its logic, you definitely need to watch this video till the end.
A lot of people around the world have been wanting to learn Turkish because of Turkish TV series. I also post about English, Spanish and German.
On my channel I am explaining the key elements of the structure of Turkish, how it is used and what the main similarities and differences between Turkish and English (and other European languages) are. If you are a beginner and want to start learning English and don’t know where to start, I’ll show how to learn Turkish fast by firstly understanding the language culture and structure. Since Turkish is an agglutinative language, people struggle thinking in Turkish and therefore might learn the grammar because it is rather easy but the usage in everyday conversation can be quite different.
JOIN MY CHANNEL: youtube.com/dillendim/join
INSTAGRAM: dillendim / itsresat
Email: [email protected]
Discord sunucum: https://discord.gg/uVvbDJUtva

นอกจากการดูบทความนี้แล้ว คุณยังสามารถดูข้อมูลที่เป็นประโยชน์อื่นๆ อีกมากมายที่เราให้ไว้ที่นี่: ดูเพิ่มเติม

Polyglots Talking To Each Other @Ruri Ohama

English Grammar: The Prepositions ON, AT, IN, BY

English for Beginners: Prepositions are short words that help us express location, time, and other relationships between people and things. Some examples of prepositions are: on, at, in, and by. Do you know how to use them? For example, do we say, \”I am on a taxi\” or \”in a taxi\”? Do you like to travel \”in a plane\” or \”by plane\”? After watching this simple but useful lesson, you will know exactly which preposition to use in any situation.
Test yourself with our quiz: http://www.engvid.com/englishgrammartheprepositionsonatinby/
TRANSCRIPT
I’m having a hard time reading on the train right now. Unh. Hold on. I’ll start the lesson.
Hi. James from engVid. Sorry, I was on the train. I want to teach you a lesson about four basic prepositions that we use in English that sometimes get confused, and I understand why, so I’ll keep it basic. But because it’s basic, it’s going to be 80% correct. That’s a good thing, that means you can go to the website and learn more from other lessons we have. But just know that sometimes there’ll be exceptions, and I may not cover it here today. I’ll even give you two exceptions to help you, but why waste time? Let’s go to the board.
Here’s Mr. E. You’ll notice he has a calendar, he has a clock, and: \”You are here\”? Oh, here. \”Here\” is a location. We’re here right now, doing a lesson. That’s the location: engVid. Let’s go to the board and do the rest of the lesson, shall we?
Here’s: \”at\”, \”on\”, \”in\”, and \”by\”. \”At\”. I love it because it’s very specific, so you always know where you are, exactly. Problem: For transportation, \”at\” doesn’t have anything. Hmm. So let’s go to the next one. Let’s go to \”on\”. On. \”On\” is used for, let’s say, large vehicles or large ways of travelling, such as buses… Sorry. Trains, buses, planes, and boats. I’ll come back to boat in a second; it’s an exception. On the train, on the bus, and on the plane, unless you’re Bill Gates, Donald Trump, or meI’m not in that listyou don’t have your own train, plane, or bus, so you usually share it with a bunch of people or a few people. It’s large. So we say: \”You’re on the bus\”, because it covers a big area, so there are many people sitting in that area. When I get to location, you’ll see what I mean.
Boat is a small exception. For many people in the world, they have their own boats because maybe they do fishing, or rowing, which is a type of boat that you go by yourself. In that situation, you can use \”in\”. So, if the boat is small enough, say: \”in\”: \”I’m in a boat right now.\” But if it’s a big boat, you have to say: \”I’m on a boat.\” Another exception for the \”on\” rule is bicycle. You’re always \”on\” a bicycle. I know, I said big vehicles, but remember: a bicycle is small, and it doesn’t really have a motor or an engine, so we kind of give it its own thing, because you have to sit on the bicycle, and you can never really be in a bicycle. Is that good?
Now, let’s go to \”in\”. \”In\” is funny because there are only two things for \”in\”. \”In\” we use for car and taxi. The easy way to think about it is usually you own your own car; it doesn’t belong to a group of people. People just don’t get on your car every time you stop it, they go in and say: \”Take me somewhere.\” And a taxi, well, when you’re in a taxi, it is kind of your car. You pay the driver and you keep the car. So, this is one of those few cases where, because it belongs to me, I am in my car or I am in the taxi, because the taxi belongs to me as long as I pay the money. It’s one of these funny exceptions. I don’t know why, because you can put more people in a car, but I guess because you can actually own this transportation, it’s yours. Think of it like the small boat. The small boat, one person is in it, you can be inside of it. All right? Cool.
The last one we’re going to do is \”by\”. This is how you get there. So, \”by\” is different. When we talk about \”in\” and \”on\”, you are… We are talking about how you are in the vehicle. Are you sitting on the bicycle? I can see you on it? You know, a boat is on water. But \”by\” just means: How did you get here? So, when someone responds to you with: \”By car\”, \”by plane\”, they’re telling you how they got here. Not if they’re in the plane, or on the plane. They are just… That’s how they got there. So, how did I get here to do this video? Wouldn’t you like to know. I’m kidding. I came here by car. So, yes, I was in my car and drove here, but I would tell somebody: \”I got here by car, not by bus\”, and that would tell them the difference in the transportation I took. \”How did you get here?\” You like that? Good, so that’s \”by\”, this is how you did it; and the way you travelled is here, \”in\” and \”on\”. Remember there is a small exception for small vehicles, so a small boat you can be in. Remember small. And a bicycle, you’re always on the bicycle, because people see you sitting on it. We good? Excellent. Now, that is the lesson for transportation.

English Grammar: The Prepositions ON, AT, IN, BY

Determiners: Ordinals \u0026 Cardinals คืออะไร

Determiners: Ordinals \u0026 Cardinals
วันนี้มาสอนเกี่ยวกับ คำนำหน้านามที่ทำหน้าที่ \”บอกลำดับ\” และ \”จำนวนตัวเลข\”

$Determiners: Ordinals \u0026 Cardinals คืออะไร$

การใช้ SOME และ ANY นามนับได้ และ นับไม่ได้

ครูเชอรี่ กับเคล็ดลับอังกฤษ ฟัง พูด อ่าน เขียน ผ่านประสบการณ์ใช้จริง สอนจริง
แฟนเพจ https://www.facebook.com/cherry.englishbright

การใช้ SOME และ ANY นามนับได้ และ นับไม่ได้

เรื่อง A An The ที่เข้าใจกันแบบผิดๆ กระจ่างได้ใน 10 นาที!!!

เคยเรียน A An The กันมาตั้งแต่สมัยประถม
แต่หารู้ไม่..ที่เรียนกันมาทั้งหมด หลักการนั่นมันใช้ไม่ได้ 100%!!!
วันนี้ครูพี่แอน จะมาปลดล็อคข้อสงสัยให้กับทุกคน
เปลี่ยนความเข้าใจ A An The ที่เคยร่ำเรียนมากันตั้งแต่สมัยเด็ก
ด้วยหลักสูตรการสอนแบบ Speed Up โดย ครูพี่แอน
ที่จะทำให้นักเรียนเข้าใจ A An The แบบกระจ่างใน 10 นาที!!!
ติดตามครูพี่แอนได้ที่ช่องทาง
Perfect English : https://www.facebook.com/englishforfu…
IG : https://www.instagram.com/krupann.eng…
twitter : https://twitter.com/englishbykruann
Tiktok : https://www.tiktok.com/@krupann.english
ครูพี่แอน KruPAnn ภาษาอังกฤษ OnlineEnglish คอร์สเรียนออนไลน์ เรียนภาษาอังกฤษออนไลน์

เรื่อง A An The ที่เข้าใจกันแบบผิดๆ กระจ่างได้ใน 10 นาที!!!

นอกจากการดูบทความนี้แล้ว คุณยังสามารถดูข้อมูลที่เป็นประโยชน์อื่นๆ อีกมากมายที่เราให้ไว้ที่นี่: ดูวิธีอื่นๆMAKE MONEY ONLINE

ขอบคุณมากสำหรับการดูหัวข้อโพสต์ determiners คือ