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Past Perfect
The past perfect is a verb tense which is used to show that an action took place once or many times before another point in the past. Read on for detailed descriptions, examples, and present perfect exercises.
Past Perfect Forms
The past perfect is formed using had + past participle. Questions are indicated by inverting the subject and had. Negatives are made with not.
-
Statement:
You had studied English before you moved to New York.
-
Question:
Had you studied English before you moved to New York?
-
Negative:
You had not studied English before you moved to New York.
Complete List of Past Perfect Forms
Past Perfect Uses
USE 1 Completed Action Before Something in the Past
The past perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.
Examples:
- I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.
- I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.
- Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city several times.
- Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand?
- She only understood the movie because she had read the book.
- Kristine had never been to an opera before last night.
- We were not able to get a hotel room because we had not booked in advance.
- A: Had you ever visited the U.S. before your trip in 2006?
B: Yes, I had been to the U.S. once before.
USE 2 Duration Before Something in the Past (Non-Continuous Verbs)
With non-continuous verbs and some non-continuous uses of mixed verbs, we use the past perfect to show that something started in the past and continued up until another action in the past.
Examples:
- We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.
- By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in London for over eight years.
- They felt bad about selling the house because they had owned it for more than forty years.
Although the above use of past perfect is normally limited to non-continuous verbs and non-continuous uses of mixed verbs, the words “live,” “work,” “teach,” and “study” are sometimes used in this way even though they are NOT non-continuous verbs.
IMPORTANT Specific Times with the Past Perfect
Unlike with the present perfect, it is possible to use specific time words or phrases with the past perfect. Although this is possible, it is usually not necessary.
Example:
- She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.
MOREOVER
If the past perfect action did occur at a specific time, the simple past can be used instead of the past perfect when “before” or “after” is used in the sentence. The words “before” and “after” actually tell you what happens first, so the past perfect is optional. For this reason, both sentences below are correct.
Examples:
- She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.
- She visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.
HOWEVER
If the past perfect is not referring to an action at a specific time, past perfect is not optional. Compare the examples below. Here past perfect is referring to a lack of experience rather than an action at a specific time. For this reason, simple past cannot be used.
Examples:
- She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska. Not Correct
- She had never seen a bear before she moved to Alaska. Correct
ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
- You had previously studied English before you moved to New York.
- Had you previously studied English before you moved to New York?
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
- George had repaired many cars before he received his mechanic’s license. Active
- Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanic’s license. Passive
More About Active / Passive Forms
Past Perfect Exercises
[NEW] Past Perfect Tense | past perfect คือ – NATAVIGUIDES
Past Perfect
The past perfect is a verb tense which is used to show that an action took place once or many times before another point in the past. Read on for detailed descriptions, examples, and present perfect exercises.
Past Perfect Forms
The past perfect is formed using had + past participle. Questions are indicated by inverting the subject and had. Negatives are made with not.
-
Statement:
You had studied English before you moved to New York.
-
Question:
Had you studied English before you moved to New York?
-
Negative:
You had not studied English before you moved to New York.
Complete List of Past Perfect Forms
Past Perfect Uses
USE 1 Completed Action Before Something in the Past
The past perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.
Examples:
- I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.
- I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.
- Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city several times.
- Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand?
- She only understood the movie because she had read the book.
- Kristine had never been to an opera before last night.
- We were not able to get a hotel room because we had not booked in advance.
- A: Had you ever visited the U.S. before your trip in 2006?
B: Yes, I had been to the U.S. once before.
USE 2 Duration Before Something in the Past (Non-Continuous Verbs)
With non-continuous verbs and some non-continuous uses of mixed verbs, we use the past perfect to show that something started in the past and continued up until another action in the past.
Examples:
- We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.
- By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in London for over eight years.
- They felt bad about selling the house because they had owned it for more than forty years.
Although the above use of past perfect is normally limited to non-continuous verbs and non-continuous uses of mixed verbs, the words “live,” “work,” “teach,” and “study” are sometimes used in this way even though they are NOT non-continuous verbs.
IMPORTANT Specific Times with the Past Perfect
Unlike with the present perfect, it is possible to use specific time words or phrases with the past perfect. Although this is possible, it is usually not necessary.
Example:
- She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.
MOREOVER
If the past perfect action did occur at a specific time, the simple past can be used instead of the past perfect when “before” or “after” is used in the sentence. The words “before” and “after” actually tell you what happens first, so the past perfect is optional. For this reason, both sentences below are correct.
Examples:
- She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.
- She visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.
HOWEVER
If the past perfect is not referring to an action at a specific time, past perfect is not optional. Compare the examples below. Here past perfect is referring to a lack of experience rather than an action at a specific time. For this reason, simple past cannot be used.
Examples:
- She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska. Not Correct
- She had never seen a bear before she moved to Alaska. Correct
ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
- You had previously studied English before you moved to New York.
- Had you previously studied English before you moved to New York?
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
- George had repaired many cars before he received his mechanic’s license. Active
- Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanic’s license. Passive
More About Active / Passive Forms
Past Perfect Exercises
Past Perfect
Learn about the past perfect tense!
Practice here: http://www.teacherdiane.com/youtube/page1
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Learn Present Perfect Easily in 9 Minutes
Learn Present Perfect easily in 9 minutes
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The Present Perfect is used to indicate a link between the present and the past. The time of the action is before now but not specified, and we are often more interested in the result than in the action itself.
To make the positive present perfect tense, use:
• ‘have’ / ‘has’ + the past participle
• Make the past participle by adding ‘ed’ to regular verbs (for example, ‘play’ becomes ‘played’)
• There are a few verbs that change their spelling when you add ‘ed’ (for example, ‘study’ becomes ‘studied’)
• We also have some completely irregular verbs
The negative is really simple too. Just put ‘not’ after ‘have’ or ‘has’.
To make a question, put ‘have’ or ‘has’ in front of the subject.
We use the Present Perfect:
1. To talk about unfinished actions or states or habits that started in the past and continue to the present:
I’ve lost my keys (so I can’t get into my house)
2. To talk about life experience.
Melany has been to France four times
3. With an unfinished time word (today, this week, this month, this year, etc.)
They have drunk too much tea today
Signal words tell you what tense you have to use. For the Present Perfect the following words are used quite often:
• just
• yet
• never
• already
• ever
• so far
• recently
• since
• for
The main difference between the Present Perfect and the Past Simple is that we use the Present Perfect to talk about unfinished actions and we use the Past Simple to talk about finished actions:
I’ve worked here for five years (and I still work here)
I worked here for five years (I no longer worker here)
Time codes:
0:00 The most confusing English tense
0:39 The thing you need to remember about the Present Perfect
1:11 How to form the Present Perfect tense (positive)
3:32 What you should never do on tests
4:34 How to form the Present Perfect tense (negative)
4:48 How to form the Present Perfect tense (question)
5:51 When we need to use Present Perfect
7:42 Quick test
8:19 About “Master the Use of English Tenses Like a Native” intensive
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English EnglishTenses PresentPerfect
วิชาภาษาอังกฤษ ชั้น ม.5 เรื่อง Past Perfect
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Ep 15 Tense : เจาะลึก Past Perfect Continuous Tense ( S + had been +V.ing )
Past Perfect Continuous Tense ( S + had been + V.ing)
Past = อดีต
Perfect = เชื่อม 2 ช่วงเวลา
Continuous = บอกว่าเป็นเหตุการณ์ที่กำลังดำเนินอยู่ ต่อเนื่องอยู่
Past Perfect Continuous จะเป็นเหตุการณ์ที่เกิดขึ้นในอดีต ดำเนินเรื่อยมาจนถึง ช่วงที่เราสนใจ แต่ก็ยังอยู่ในอดีตอยู่
เช่น I had been eating pizza. ฉันกินพิซซ่าอยู่มาสักพักนึงแล้ว (ในอดีต)
มักใช้กับเหตุการณ์ที่มีการมาแทรกเป็นเหตุการณ์ที่ 2 เช่น
She had been cooking for 10 minutes when the phone rang. เขากำลังทำอาหารอยู่เป็นเวลา 10 นาทีแล้ว ตอนที่ มีโทรศัพท์ดังขึ้นมา
เหตุการณ์ที่ 1 : She had been cooking for 10 minutes
เหตุการณ์ที่ 2 : the phone rang ( Past Simple)
ทั้ง2 เหตุการณ์ เกิดขึ้นในอดีต
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Past Perfect
A short video explaining the \”past perfect\” tense.
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